Token also means memento
::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: Neïl Beloufa ┻┳ On June 28th Vienna Secession will open the exhibition Pandemic Pandemonium by french artist Neïl Beloufa, in which he deals intensively and in a very exciting way with the potential of NFT’S and their communities as well as crypto economy as a whole. At the heart of the exhibition is a game that can be played both real and digitally, with both artworks and NFT’s to be won. In addition, three „master hosts“ (or „robots“) compete for the attention of visitors. „Each master host has its own Twitter account (Red, Yellow, Blue), where their posts are spoken in real time by IRL robots. Each master host is controlled by 333 minihosts, which represent it. These 999 minihosts are live generative NFT artworks living on the Ethereum blockchain. Their holders are invited to choose, via a sole-access dedicated Discord channel, what the master hosts post on Twitter and, consequently, what the IRLs will say.“
Token | Art | NFT
New Work, Social Token, Crypto Commons, The „greeness“ of DLT Technology
Lecture and talk at the Academy of Fine Arts Vienna
Token also means memento
Participation in NFT artworks is much more about growing than dividing. With the DLT application of inscribing shares in a work of art in the blockchain, a community of practice is triggered. Participation in the form of a few pixels in the digital Genesis Token of the masterpiece `The Kiss` by Klimt was only the beginning of a process for the museum Belvedere. Nothing less than the concept of „legitimate peripheral participation“ as a kind of „bridge concept“ of the digital transformation of art, museums and knowledge was thus technologically reinforced.
Ex Machina 2.0
A conversation with Digital Cooperativist Thomas Schneider
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Social Design on Workᴺᶠᵀ
new social models with collective production and fair consumption of use value
WWTF Arts&Science, Prix Ars Electronica, Vienna Biennale,
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code întuitif
newwork-newculture
artèQ
Token and Society
Digitization is going wrong in many respects. Taxi-driver are losing out to Uber, hotels to Airbnb, stores to Amazon.
In China, Tencent, Alibaba, and others are working closely with the government on total citizen control. The West is following.
Until now, digitization has run on a 20th century operating system. We need something new and decentralized. NFT, Crypto Commons, DAOs are a great tool set for that.
I spend a lot of time thinking about the future of society, and the development towards a hybrid digital-physical world is in full swing. In my opinion, it would be counterproductive to try to stop this, but it is better to shape the change offensively and the analog and digital will now inexorably become more closely intertwined with all the advantages and disadvantages. I am more concerned about the speed at which all this is happening and would prefer to install digital-analog braking systems. Anyway, NFTs are an important particle in this coding-biological transformation.
For myself, human nature and code have been important topics since the Ars Electronica days. Then in 2017, in the wake of the first blockchain applications, I founded code întuitif.
One of the nudges for this was actually a place that fascinates me. The global seed chamber in Svalbard. What few people know is that right next to the seeds are the GitHub code open source repositories stored for eternity.
There is something deeply fascinating and disturbing about seeds and code being buried underground so that we can reuse them in the future if a disaster wipes out all other known safety repositories.
Essentially, though, my NFT fascination is the living thing, that the digital never becomes solid, never dries, is actually a constant process, and NFT is lived community of practice.
Apart from the fact that the digital has influenced art since a long time / e.g. Herbert Franke / there is a lot of cool digital art shit out there.
Herbert W. Franke (born 14 May 1927 in Vienna) is an Austrian scientist and writer. Die Zeit calls him „the most prominent German writing Science Fiction author“. He is also one of the important early computer artists (and collectors), creating computer graphics and early digital art since the late 1950s. Franke is also active in the fields of future research as well as speleology. He uses his pen name Sergius Both as this Avatar name in Active Worlds and Opensimulator grids. The Sergius Both Award is given for creative scripting in Immersionskunst by Stiftung Kunstinformatik, first time issued at Amerika Art 2022.
Another Pioneer; Titus Leber :
Titus Leber is an Austrian screenwriter and director of music feature films and is considered to be one of the creative pioneers of the transitional phase from the analogue to the digital age. From 1984-1985 Titus worked as Research Fellow at the Center for Advanced Visual Studies (CAVS) at MIT. There he developed his „Image Reactor“®, an interactive Laser-Disc installation using complex permutative image-matrixes to simulate visual thinking. Early publications on artificial intelligence in the arts.
And there is far too often, unfortunately unnoticed, new superb original digital art in the field. One of my absolute favorites is Nikita Diakur
Exciting artistic as well as social aspects.
Entropies are NFT artworks that evolve each time they are transferred from one person to another. With each transfer of purses, an entropes inherits, blends, and imprints its genomic history onto a visual canvas. Here, different layers interweave.
Originator Circle — Buyer Circle —
„When you buy an entropy, a circle is added and connected to the last circle in the chain. Each circle and connector has a unique genome based not only on the address of the buyer’s wallet, but also on the unique chain of previous owners.“
Let’s face it: The NFT space moves really fast. Considering how quickly things can change in the metaverse, a week in NFTs might as well be a month IRL. Don’t get us wrong — the more people onboarded into the space, the merrier.
Ex Machina 2.0
When people ‚make‘ something, these ‚products‘ and ’services‘ always emerge in a practical life context and through confrontations; very different people can be more or less actively involved: In the ‚making‘ of an NFT project, for example, not only programmers are involved, but also buyers, art mediators, advertisers, tour operators, clients, etc.
In the process, therefore, two things are produced: a product or a service and, at the same time, a social context.
In this perspective, the production process is no longer ‚only‘ a temporally limited production process that is only oriented towards a product: the production process is much more a complex context – similar in its structure to a landscape in which diverse relationships exist between different people/contexts. What emerges or develops in the process are not so much finished end products, but rather ‚productions‘ in the sense of artifactual constellations of meaning. The concrete product gains a different status: it becomes significant as a projection of social-cultural contexts. Seen in this way, in a concrete ‚product‘ – a ‚ledger‘ – different people with their abilities, skills, experiences, knowledge, feelings, their history, as well as work practices, means of work, material, work relations and work references are always present as human social potentiality. By entering into a relationship with this socially structured world, people are able to participate in the procedures and processes.
The perspective of participation is thus always to be understood in a relational dimension of meaning and as a movement of approach. At the same time, it becomes apparent that only by means of and through participation in a social practice can a relationship of the individual to the (life) world be established, formed and deepened. People take advantage of this possibility when they come together in informal practice contexts, meet, exchange and communicate. It therefore makes sense to understand the cultural practice of communalization from the perspective of the ‚changes‘ taking place in the process much more comprehensively as a digital transformation that shapes new cultural techniques.
Freedom! calls reason, freedom! the wild desire. – Clearly, however, NFT is also very much about making a living with art.
Money is one of the oldest and most powerful memes — the cultural counterpart of genes, passed down generation to generation. Our culture would be entirely unrecognizable without money at its center — even something as fundamental as writing came about through the need for better accounting systems in 3500 BC. In more modern times, money is best understood by its three primary functions: store of value, unit of account and medium of exchange.
While the idea of fetching a six-figure payday for the latest trending digital art piece has been a major factor in the attention placed on the sector, the truth is that the cryptoindustry has only scratched the surface of what NFT technology is capable of.
Intellectual property and patents
NFTs are ideal for tracking intellectual property (IP) and patents as they take the current system of trademarks and copyrights to the next level by offering a way to prove ownership of any piece of content.
The data-keeping capabilities of blockchain technology allow for the entire history of a piece of IP to be tracked and timestamped, offering a way to provide undeniable ownership. Ticketing and rewards programs One use case for NFTs that is already being explored and implemented in entertainment venues around the world is in the creation of tickets or passes to events. The ability to create an unlimited number of unique NFTs allows venues like concert halls and sports arenas to issue tickets for entry as NFTs that can be easily verified or transferred. The prevalence of smartphones across society has made digital ticketing possible, and the integration of NFT technology will help to make this process more efficient and easier to track. Companies can set up rewards programs where participants are given NFTs that are used to track purchases or activities within the organization for rewards purposes. Instead of issuing physical cards or tracking activity by phone number, which exposes an important piece of personal information, activities can be tracked via an NFT that is scanned without revealing any other information. Exclusive memberships A final application of NFT technology is as a general utility token that performs a specific function, like verifying membership to an exclusive club or providing access to a certain service. This is a function that is already being employed by a number of NFT projects where they have a website or Discord group that can only be accessed after verifying ownership of an NFT from that particular collection. The applications of this idea are wide-ranging and run the gamut, from content creators offering fans exclusive access to songs if they hold an NFT released by that musician to secret societies allowing rare NFT holders to access their sacred libraries.
motion nft
My contribution for #Fear4TEZ is actually pretty dark, don't you think so? But I like it! 😈
卩乇尺丂ㄖ几卂ㄥ 卄乇ㄥㄥ
50/130, 1 tezzie🔊 sound on!!! (very important)
and check the original on @versumofficial please, it's a beautiful 4K video.
🔗👇 pic.twitter.com/miC7yrrxka— Kika Nicolela (@kikanicolela) May 12, 2022
Omg, it's so amazing! https://t.co/Xth2IxJNr1
— no_mad. (@neon_based) May 12, 2022
https://twitter.com/i/status/1503013754648281088
NO.O34 pic.twitter.com/fXpW4dr4yW
— CUBE (@cube_nft) March 20, 2022
https://twitter.com/ProfessorJun_/status/1508509395839238145?s=20&t=ML-8RGaSJM8ZxK15GfEWww
https://twitter.com/ina_vare/status/1508778979829989376?s=20&t=ML-8RGaSJM8ZxK15GfEWww
https://muse0.xyz/
We think we are in control.
We believe that our conscious mind directs our thoughts and somehow controls our subconscious.
It was wrong.Fractures Vol.1#NFTCollection
Sound on! 🔊
5 #NFTs 10/10 ed.
11-17 #XTZ pic.twitter.com/FRZfYZNE2P— Dome.th (@DomVisionR) March 29, 2022
⭐️⭐️⭐️ PHOTOSENSITIVE WARNING ⭐️⭐️⭐️
👽🛸📺 I'LL BE RIGHT HERE… 📺🛸👽
*** 100% Analog Glitch – No Software Retouch ***
3 editions
I will be accepting the 3 highest offers on Wednesday at 9:30PM EST – 48 hours from now!
Link 👇 pic.twitter.com/AwE72o0gkL
— 📺⚡️PHOSPHOR OPERATOR⚡️📺 (@Pho_Operator) March 29, 2022
good nfts
Let's go! 💥
'Aquamarine Memories' #3 Night Thoughts (third of three-piece collection) out now on @KnownOrigin.io via@AdoptionNFT Gallery.1 of 3 Editions • Now Available for Ξ 0.11#cryptoart #NFT #cryptoartist #ETH #AudioVisual #RetroFuture #SciFi pic.twitter.com/4jQKvvh1qW
— Railster (@Railster) December 3, 2021
https://twitter.com/jdotcolombo/status/1466723812037120001?s=20
Loving this new ASCII converter. ❤️🔥
Only 80×80 characters in resolution, but the fact that it follows the contrast lines really makes the details pop. 🙂🙃🔄
For sure going to make a new collection with it 👀 pic.twitter.com/59yiFlEI5o
— 1mposter (@_1mposter) April 18, 2022
Art by @andreasgysin pic.twitter.com/2iz00DFaEL
— ArtIsHack (@ArtIsHack) April 19, 2022
Entering the Metaverse
The metaverse is a lofty, nebulous concept. It’s also a violet-colored storefront on Franklin Street in New York.
The term Web3 is useless. What is different now is transparency on Blockchain, auditable smart contracts, decentralized decision making. All can enable entrepreneurs to create more productive and appealing Dapps.
NFTs are a simple example. Taking digital files, applying smart contracts to enable royalties/extractable info. Blockchain to publicly/transparently show provenance/trx history. Decentralized makes it more trusted than centralized
More advanced are trustless insurance policies via smart contracts using public standardized data like weather to simplify/speed up sales and pay outs
With Facebook, Twitter, and YouTube you invite your friends to participate, you generate content together, and the platforms make money.
With Web3 you invite your friends to participate, you generate content together, and you all make money.
The world is now more interested in APIs than atoms, and Web3 is redefining the internet and its activities. Take, for example, @subsquid, whose in-house Hydra protocol accomplishes in seconds what other query platforms take minutes to accomplish.
This space is obviously for everyone and it’s inclusive. I just want to see it built by us, for us. If the VCs want to show support then great! But I see opportunistic behavior as a turnoff. Passion is better.
1/ Y’all got it wrong. Web 2 is just the aggregate of all the websites that allow for users to contribute rather than the „consume only“ model of web 1. Web 3 is just the aggregate of the protocols that allow trading and usage of value. The most famous of which is Bitcoin.
2/ Structurally, web 3 runs on the same old ISP’s we’ve always used, centralized entities that control the gates of the internet. Web 4 will entail becoming your own ISP. #BULLISHv
NFT Pioneer Olive Allen Wants to Introduce the Art World to the Metaverse. Her Vision of the Future Looks Nothing Like Zuckerberg’s
At least that’s the idea behind Olive Allen’s new exhibition at Postmasters Gallery, which purports to recreate the Web3 world within the white cube. The title doubles as an ominous invitation: ”Welcome to the Metaverse.”
With its cheap, roller-rink lighting and glitchy soundtrack, Allen’s exhibition doesn’t actually capture the essence of the metaverse—at least not the utopian vision peddled by Mark Zuckerberg and other tech evangelists. But it does get at some of the affects we associate with the word in 2022: ‘90s nostalgia, corporate co-optation, video-game aesthetics, venomous reply-guy vibes.
NFTs Started ‘a Digital Art Renaissance.’ It’s Far From Over
As the .ART domain registry marks its fifth anniversary, digital artists hail a revolution in their industry.
Digital art was born in the 1960s, but the 2020s will surely go down as the era when the medium came into its own, and turned the art industry upside down in the process.
Technology, in the form of non-fungible tokens (NFTs) such as CryptoPunks, has played a key role in disrupting traditional art-market dynamics. Online marketplaces and platforms have enabled artists to dispense with gatekeepers, birthing a billion-dollar business that favors creators.
“The art landscape changed when CryptoPunks launched in 2017, and everyone realized art can be traded and exchanged through NFTs,” Singaporean digital artist Metalman, told Decrypt.
He and others describe a transformation that helped online art sales double in 2021, per a report by art organization Art Basel. Accelerating this shift online, platforms such as domain registry .ART—which marks its fifth anniversary this month—have enabled creators to anchor their collections, form communities and reach new audiences.
A new renaissance
“In the past five years, especially in the last two, the interest [in] and perceived value of digital art has dramatically increased,” according to Katelyn DeVan, a digital artist who’s used the .ART platform to reach a global audience from her Ohio studio.
“Blockchain technology, and NFTs in particular, have sparked what I describe as a ‚digital art renaissance,’” she asserts. “Digital art is no longer seen as merely a niche collectable, but also an investment.”
This transformation has been helped along by the pandemic, which led online art sales to surge from 9% to 25% of total global art sales in 2021, according to Art Basel.
„Blockchain technology, and NFTs in particular, have sparked what I describe as a ‚digital art renaissance.'“
But the culture is changing too. With no middlemen, artists are able to form deeper connections with collectors—and NFTs have helped to instigate a shift from consumption to sharing, according to .ART founder Ulvi Kasimov.
Liberating artists from their modern-day garrets
“With NFTs, there is a better chance for every artist to become independent. Instead of working for a big corp, you can make a living producing art, it’s definitely a big factor,” says award-winning, Vancouver-based artist Tadeusz Chmiel.

A .ART user, Chmiel has worked in both the digital and physical spheres; as well as painting in oils, he’s created stunning digital work for Star Wars, Marvel and Disney films.
In recent years, he says, “creating digital art has become much more accessible and fun. The hardware is faster, the software is easier (and often free) and there is a video tutorial for almost everything you need.”
Ukrainian artist Stepan Ryabchenko is an early .ART adopter, and believes that “digital art has become a mass phenomenon due to the global trend of virtualization in all areas, including the gradual transition to digital currency.”
He argues that digital currency is the primary factor that led to the growth of interest in digital art, with NFTs bridging the transition and providing “the cultural component.”
This piece presents the concept of “Metaverse Cities”, as an exploration of how “crypto cities” and “crypto states” are melding with the physical infrastructure of cities to offer new potentialities in how people organize, work, rest, and play. It forms a contribution to a broader project by RMIT Blockchain Innovation Hub on “The Digital CBD”.
The Metaverse
The concept of “The Metaverse” refers to the linking of digital and physical spaces (Dionisio, et. al. 2013; Nabben, 2021) that seamlessly integrates the physical world with the virtual world. This allows avatars to carry out rich activities including creation, display, entertainment, social networking, and trading, hybridizing work, rest, and play between physical and virtual reality (Ynag, et. al. 2022). The Metaverse is not a singular place but any virtual reality (digital space) or augmented reality (physical space enhanced by a digital overlay) that is accessed through computer interfaces. This layering over of existing media forms establishes the immersive potential of a mixed media reality. The Metaverse introduces a new era in technology entrepreneurship and digital innovations, introducing new business models, and modes of work and leisure and cultural experience and expression (Momtaz, 2022). It is the next chapter for social, cultural, and economic practice across both digital and physical spaces.
In 2021, Seoul Metropolitan Government announced its intention to invest $3.3 million to become the first city to immerse itself in the metaverse, including hosting cultural events in the Metaverse to attract global tourism, a virtual city hall for citizens to interact with public officials and access services, and community recreation spaces (Seoul Metropolitan Government, 2021).
NFTs as a springboard to Web3
Artists praised the clean look of the .ART platform, and the benefits of using its domain registry. They chose .ART to showcase their portfolio as it reflects precisely what industry they are in and it gives a ‘prestigious’ feeling of being part of the art community.
It’s a community within an ecosystem that’s rapidly evolving and seeking out new platforms; I would highlight the need for a curated space where artists can meet, that’s better organized than Twitter, Instagram or Discord.
And I want to point to the challenges that still need to be overcome in “digital security, art theft and copyright law.”
The future of digital art
Not all the artists I spoke to are in agreement about the role of NFTs in the future.
Thomas Obermeir, a German digital artist who specializes in software as art, has worked in the digital field for decades, and said that “NFTs are overhyped and will eventually disappear.”
Ryabchenko, in contrast, believed that NFTs—this new “digital fever,” as he describes it—have plenty of room to grow. But he predicted that physical art and space will soon be increasingly in demand. After all, he argues, man is made of matter and is drawn to matter.
„Having a way to digitally sign and track sales of the artwork is huge.“
It serves to bridge the digital world with the traditional galleries, museums and auction houses, in a period of rapid transformation—where internet and blockchain technologies have invited comparisons with the role of the printing press and accounting ledger in the European Renaissance.
But there’s a vital difference: in the 15th Century, the Renaissance was restricted to Europe; what’s happening today is on a global scale, at an unparalleled velocity.

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The 10 point life jacket against green bashing by NFT
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┳┻| Version 2.0/5.4.2022 artèQ
1. propaganda with adventurously estimated numbers.
Zero Knowledge represents on the one hand a promising solution to an old problem in cryptography, but also the many scrambling critics of the NFT footprint. It is amazing what misinformation is spread about it. It may be well-intentioned (or maybe not), but arbitrary numbers and data are being conjured up to attack artists, art collectors, and museums for participating in a larger, democratic ecosystem of the future. The power for this ecosystem comes from billions of outlets, and so the numbers cannot be particularly realistically estimated, let alone accurately calculated. Consequently, based on still reasonably realistic calculations and estimates of electricity consumption, there are studies by hyper-accurate scientists regarding CO2 consumption that range from 1.2 to 130.5 megatons of CO₂ per year. Well, that’s about as accurate as it gets.
2. mines and transactions on the chain are different pairs of shoes.
Calculating the CO₂ footprint based on the number of transactions in NFT production is based on a fundamental misunderstanding of how Ethereum works. Any argument along these lines is inherently flawed because blocks are produced regardless of the number of transactions.
3. NFTs are a small subset of blockchain applications.
Moreover, the majority of activity on Ethereum has nothing to do with NFTs, but rather with DeFi, for example. Therefore, it does not make sense to attack this very small subset at the large crypto scene.
4. the NFT scene is working systemically towards a greener future.
Pure proof-of-work systems are being phased out. We have 50+ L2 solutions already NOW! While optimistic rollups (like @arbitrum) and SideChains (like @0xPolygon PoS chain) are incredible advances, it seems clear that the optimal mix of security and scalability will come from ZK rollups (Zero Knowledge Proofs).
This is something we have been working on for years. Ethereum has introduced the division into Execution Layer and Consensus Layer and at the moment is progressing step by step with `greener`while secure upgrades Beacon-Chain / Merge / Shard Chains. All major marketplaces are implementing L2s layers which completely mitigate all the allegations.
5. the problem concerns only the cryptology aspect.
It is also not possible to speak of an NFT problem, but one of the partial aspect of consensus mechanism and cryptology, which is permanently being worked on in order to make the function-critical data handling balanced, secure and energy-saving. The proof-of-work problem arises because this consensus mechanism currently still has its advantages in terms of security and decentralization. For particularly high-value usage scenarios, this form is still recommended, especially from a security perspective. Scaling a blockchain requires either a collective shift of mining activities to supercomputers, which contradicts decentralization due to expensive hardware requirements, or incremental software refinement, which is slow and tedious and always carries the risk of fragmenting communities. Examples include proof of stake and delegated proof of stake protocols, which significantly increase throughput and reduce power consumption, but require more complex game-theoretic security analysis. They risk undermining the security architecture of trusted distributed systems by reducing the redundancy and thus the power required to successfully attack the valid completion of a single task.
6. even in pure POW systems, power consumption does not correlate with the number of transactions.
For Proof of Work, the number of transactions has little to no impact on Ethereum’s carbon footprint. NFT’s are particularly „light“ in terms of number of transactions, but even that is actually irrelevant because block size has no correlation to carbon footprint. Blocks are created with 0 transactions or with high transaction capacities. The environmental cost remains exactly the same.
7. the art NFT market demands miners to be more green
The NFT scene within the blockchain community is extremely behind the fact that the footprint plays a central role, the only valid argument that they are also environmentally harmful is that participation in the art NFT market, increases activity overall and thus affects the price of mining. Therefore, this generally becomes more attractive and brings more miners to the start.
8. blockchain supports the development of sustainable energy infrastructure.
GPU mining spinning out at PROTOCOL level (e.g. ETH2.0) represents highly professional industrial mining mostly powered by geothermal energy surplus in Iceland, renewable energy surplus in wind power and by means of many other renewable energies.
9. how much energy does 5G or the US military eat? Consider proportionality!
There is a lot of justified criticism of the NFT and metaverses, for example on their general quality, design, or regarding unresolved plagiarism issues, and we generally welcome an informed discussion on this. The arguments in this regard span a huge arc between the assessment in the crypto commons scene that NFT and DAO’s have social revolutionary potential – „Let’s fix the World“ – (https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fbloc.2021.578721/full#footnote20 ) and blank scorn among skeptical nerd observers with the view that NFT’s are bare garbage (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=YQ_xWvX1n9g).
We are happy to discuss this, but if the consumption of energy is not put in relation to the actual purpose of the application, and not in relation to other more or less useful technological applications such as our satellite network, SWIFT, 5G or streaming, it is simply extremely manipulative and unfair to talk about the environmental impact of NFT.
10. there are numerous sustainable projects that can only be implemented with crypto and NFT.
The UN has explicitly acknowledged the great potential of this technology to solve major unresolved value, logistics, and material problems. There are good arguments why it could be just the other way around: proof of work has extraordinarily green aspects. Linking a limited currency to power consumption, as is the case with Bitcoin and Ethereum, links a noncompromisable value system to energy. What do they think happens to the money that central banks print? I think it’s clear as day that it doesn’t save energy.
Even in the arts, this technology is already making it possible to rethink a lot of transportation miles and festival and conference flights. But the real benefit of digital transformation in the arts is storytelling, which is only in its infancy, and the possibilities of art communication over distant distances.
1HWork



Tjark reads his deportation notice and can't believe it. He has been working unregistered for a temporary employment agency for a few months now and keeps himself afloat by providing support services in various care facilities. Mirko his boss was happy with him. He earned 370 euros this week. It looked so good! Now it says he has to go back to Afghanistan. His flight costs the state about twice as much.
Hanno the Uber driver is sleeping in his car. He's just doing this so he doesn't get fired. Because if he doesn't respond immediately to his algorithm-controlled service app, there will be trouble with the boss. So he has set an alarm that lets him start up reliably every time the city and the company think they can use his driving talent again.
Selma Ennaifer, the Tunisian Foreign Minister, speaks to representatives of the European Commission in an almost pleading tone. The reason? The EU's travel restrictions due to the pandemic mean that 70 percent (!) of the businesses in Tunisia, a tourist destination, have to close.
Three very different stories and yet similarly symbolic of the misery we are in. The examples have the theme of work and failure in common. In particular, it becomes clear which serious systemic errors are built into the current globally oriented work organization.

Growing up relatively sheltered, I experienced gainful employment as a strange attempt at oppression. Starting with enveloping for a clothing company, through jobs in call centers and finally at the ORF, I learned early on to lack freedom. Since life is not a jump-and-run game where you have 3 lives, I started my own personal liberation movement after my studies and became self-employed in the creative field. I have reorganized education, training and work for myself and have since spent a considerable amount of time initiating projects that deal with finding out how we as a society could escape from the captivity of the job system.
Utopia for Realists
With digitalization, workplaces cease to be fixed places and begin to transform into states. In this article I want to get you to think about these conditions together with New Work-New Culture. We could philosophize, dream, and ponder for 10 minutes about how we can ensure, in the rapidly accelerating transformation process of work, that we achieve something better in the end.
A key to this is Bergmann's concept of “really, really wanting”. The New Work “WWW” has little or nothing to do with self-realization and self-optimization. According to Bergmann, New Work is not about a little improvement, not about job crafting. New Work – New culture doesn't just touch the surface and esotericism is a horror for us. NANK is an evolutionary, philosophical concept of freedom with a focus on work.

Work goes deep into the understanding of personality and the values and core beliefs associated with it. It also comprehensively defines and dominates relationship values in the world. New Work, as Frithjof Bergmann sees it, has nothing to do with love bombing, shining in the sun or the value of being used in itself. It is much more about the intrinsic motivation of what is present within oneself and how strongly it is perceived. In comparison to the power of external influences, people's own desires do not pull with strong ropes, but hang on a thin and easily torn, delicate thread. New Work calls this phenomenon the “poverty of desire”. The human being itself is far too often, first and foremost, weak and fragile. People quickly become discouraged, depressed and tame. Therefore, it is easy to intimidate or even train people, and many people are shy and withdrawn. Frithjof Bergmann also calls the phenomenon self-ignorance; beyond the individual, he speaks of the “concept of unlived life,” which often shapes working society. Handle
In the first part of this article, which can be read in about 7 minutes, I would like to outline Bergmann's New Work in more detail and embed it in the current socio-political context. It will be an attempt to position the essential elements, calling and community production, within the changing economic framework. The second part is about what role digitalization plays in the transformation process of work, what is going wrong and how we could transfer this into a new, more humane era. I refer to the current developments surrounding COVID and the long-term major forces of democratization, automation, globalization and monetary control. In the last part, I present our current approach to how a technological tool could be used to specifically improve the situation on the labor market. "Ø – The value of an hour of work" attempts to develop a value system for work secured using DLT (Blockchain) technology. Ø is an index that uses artificial intelligence to learn how to correct incorrect dispositions and unequal evaluations of work and systemic errors in salary issues. From data already collected, supplemented with new evaluation approaches, a factor is calculated by which an existing remuneration should be multiplied in order to better reflect the social value of a job. So that as little ideology as possible sets the tone, we try to capture the activities themselves with a matrix of skillsets.
Both soft factors such as creativity and empathy as well as hard criteria such as the level of education required for this activity or the average work speed are taken into account.

work is the change machine
I
In the part-time review that we call work, we slowly come to the realization that we as a society are somehow stuck when it comes to work. Economic growth madness, automation. Digitalization. It doesn't go forward or back. According to Bergmann, New Work has been thinking about why this is and how we could change it for 40 years and is proposing something new. New Work-New Culture firmly believes that with smart changes to the work system we can have a positive impact on the whole world. Calling – the intrinsic calling – linked to collaborative production methods will revolutionize working life and the way we live. Technologically, the unimaginable is already possible. As a private person, you can dock your phone to the AI "GPT-3" and have a universe of possibilities that goes beyond your imagination and initially flattens you in its abundance. For example, you can have fictitious conversations with Thunberg, Chomsky, Musk, Obama, the Pope or the Chinese civil rights activist Wei Jingsheng. For example, if you ask what is going wrong with digitalization and what the next right step would be, artificial intelligence provides the answer from the data of the published statements of these thinkers that it is up to us whether it turns out badly or well. But there are also amazingly more useful, logical and authentic-sounding answers to the really pressing questions of our time. Even scientists who work on it are left with a feeling somewhere between euphoria and bewilderment when they propose solutions to the climate problem. In some cases, these experts can no longer even understand exactly how AI comes up with its solutions when it invents new things in goods logistics, resource conservation and smart health robotics. Theoretically, everyone with the Internet has swarm intelligence in their pocket as a tool for making decisions. Theoretically, firstly, access is limited and secondly, this oracle is the machine learning substrate of “everyone’s opinion”. The question is not just philosophical but quite practical as to whether this really has anything to do with intelligence. This supposedly collectively secured data is available from the perspective of a programmer and an institution that decides on the data composition of the model. To what extent this data is ethically compromised, to what extent it is just mainstream, to what extent it is the devil is currently being researched. What we already know is that they are similar to Wikipedia, white, male and dominated by rich countries.
New Work, with its approach of listening individually to what you need and what you want, helps you navigate uncertainty. When it comes to entering this wide, white and uncharted field of new possibilities, we need a strong inner compass. Because, despite the revolutionary framework, there may still be a marathon ahead of us before we synchronize sufficiently and develop common cultural techniques that raise the potential of what is possible and ultimately enable a better life for many. But what we are already dealing with is an acceleration of transformation processes, which people are sometimes facing with fear. There has always been change, especially at work. But now we see the beginning of a new era. On the one hand, it is the obvious acceleration of upheavals that provides good reasons to speak of a new era. But it is also the nature of the fragility. As Václav Havel once said, it is as if something were exhausting and destroying itself. But what now rises from the rubble? How can we deal with these breaks? New Work – New Culture is interested in the symptoms of decay and departure and the contradictions as an expression of a deeper transformation of work as we know it. When it comes to work and meaning, we still long for something different. It is not yet possible to define this other. But the fog is clearing. A first idea of what the new thing could look like grows as the offspring of a kind of collective longing. What we are seeing now is that a new form of being present and being present is emerging. This presence not only has something to do with digital 5G acceleration, but also something to do with authenticity, with being close to what you do every day.

Industrial Age – Information Age – Augmented Age
From the very beginning – and that was back in the 70s – the New Work did not want to regret the end of the job system, but rather to celebrate it frenetically. As Hegelians, we believe that we are not born free from the beginning, but that the path to freedom is difficult to achieve. And the job system has made people terribly unfree. In the classic wage-earning society, optimizing a company means optimizing “human resources”. People with individual wishes, skills and living conditions are referred to as resources and we want to use them as willing employees as multi-flexibly and effectively as possible. More and more people, and not just since Corona, are no longer playing along. People fall out of their roles, things are no longer in their place. Politicians have looked at continuities for too long and overlooked the radical epochal break around 1980. The topics have changed. An entire intellectual coordinate system has shifted: people, torn between the individual and society, oscillating between the individual psyche and that of the masses, the individual's body bent into the social body. There is also a pull from desire to need, from a vertical to a horizontal order. In this situation, New Work calls for a sustainable strengthening of the individual's free will and a collaborative spirit. Finding out what you want, finding your calling, can help defuse problems when navigating uncertainty if we allow a little more flamboyance for what is “naturally possible”. During the industrial era, the vast majority of work was done using muscle power; it was dull, grueling, exhausting backbreaking work. In the post-industrial age, this work is almost entirely done by machines. The first “Dark Factories” are in Taipei. The production halls there remain dark because in normal operation only robots with sensors and not a single person work. Regardless of the current flight restrictions, Lufthansa has plans in place to manage business in the future with 40,000 fewer employees. It is estimated that artificial intelligence and augmented reality will make 30-50 percent of current jobs obsolete in the next 10 years. Maxim
What will we work on? We don't know for sure. But what we can say is that the work will not stop. In order to overcome the "Great Challenges" – poverty, environment, health – in society, billions of people can and must get involved.
If we let machines do the dull work, two thirds of all work could be employment that makes you stronger, that is tailored to you, that advances you, that serves your self-realization. This represents enormous progress, because in the past only small privileged elites – artists, intellectuals and inventors – could enjoy the hearty lifeblood of such work. A cleverly linked network of collaboration, combined with entrepreneurship and fair remuneration mechanisms, can offer protection against job loss, downward mobility and poverty. The core message: 'Work on what you really, really want!' This important nucleus of freedom joins research and discovery in 'Community Production' and combines work on hi-tech machines with a good touch of entrepreneurial spirit.

The Value of Work
The way in which the current economic reference system has systemically anchored the exchange of goods for the last 150 years has weakened people. They have merely tamed it and not developed it. In addition, this modern, Western materialism only works slowly. Japan has not produced any significant economic growth for decades, although perversely the ongoing costs of the nuclear disaster in Fukushima and the protests over it are, for example, taken into account as 'growth'.
The current understanding of economics is very narrow. Areas such as social care, family and reproductive work are systematically undervalued, and art and culture and the realities of life of marginalized groups are negated. Not least because of this, work is increasingly confronted with an inclusion logic of meaning, intimacy, concern and inclination. Mass production is not focused on creating cultural richness, diversity and inclusion. After 20 years of optimization efficiency, the richness has been consistently slowed down. If society wants to move away from mass production because other needs come to the fore, then we must necessarily ask ourselves: is the organization of work and production that we have the best possible way to unleash creativity and innovation?

money and work
In view of the change in the value and the meaning of the concept of goods itself, New Work is convinced that the value of work can also be completely reassessed. Up to now, money has been more of a lubricant for many things to fail in the end. A real store of value for work could be the lubricant that makes it all work. In order to regain more mining rights to life, we could empower people with a new form of work organization and work evaluation. We could experience a rise instead of an exhaustion of people with the digital and we could move more and more towards a culture of freedom. We just haven't really learned yet how to remelt and reshape our centuries-old collective patterns of thinking, speaking and institutionalization to fit the new realities. In this space of possibilities, in Walter Benjamin's “now time”, New Work-New Culture has arguments, images, terms and tools, where it seems so difficult to develop an emancipatory vision of the future and to look for ways to realize it in the here and now.
The Epic Conversation About the US Dollar System with Macro Analyst Luke Gromen from April 2020
One of the most important macroeconomic questions facing the world is the future of the global reserve system, which has been dominated by the US dollar for the last 80 years.
The topics in conversation:
Bretton Woods and why the world went for a USD-based system and not John Maynard Keynes' idea of a non-sovereign "Bancor" world reserve currency.
The transition to petrodollars in the 1970s.
The financialization of commodities that began in the 1980s.
The monetary policy vacuum after the end of the Cold War.
How a Shift in Executive Compensation Rules Led to Many of Today's Problems with Wall Street.
The export of treasury bonds as a business model.
The economic impact of 2008 worldwide and domestically.
The end of the purchase of Treasury bonds in 2014.
Why the Federal Reserve is the only sugar daddy left.


Using Digitalization for a New Money and Value System
II
Digitalization is one of the big drivers of change in work. But the digital revolution is going wrong. We seem to be losing to the algorithms. Everything is regulated, used and accounted for and what is humane is crushed between the bits and bytes. Inequality continues to rise. The distribution of knowledge and resources as well as the value chains are distributed even more inhomogeneously globally, nationally and locally due to digitalization and the associated automation and production changes.
crime scenes
Change in production is at the same time a change in the value of labor. Work performance and its value have become largely decoupled from fair pay in real stores of value. Given the effects of digitalization, the value creation regime is currently changing. The practices of production and consumption are changing towards open, distributed and feedback forms of production. New forms of collaboration are becoming more relevant and decentralization and fair value exchange are taking shape.
Here too, the magnifying glass of the corona and economic crisis highlights the extent of the distortion and ruthlessly exposes weak points. Where digitalization, communication and synchronization succeed, work works. Mobile office and homeschooling are not an option for precarious professional groups. The 21st century digital economy runs on a 20th century operating system. The big tech companies like Tencent, Facebook, Google, Alibaba, Tesla, Netflix are single-handedly hijacking NASDAQ & Co. during Corona. The platform's feudalism à la Amazon is becoming obvious in its frightening power potential.
Instead of this monopoly and surveillance capitalism, New Work strives for an economic circular system of global neighborhoods with balanced production and use: decentralized, regional collaboration in the form of 'community production' as a kind of basic economy; concrete substrates of freedom in the form of access to infrastructure and commons for people instead of a basic income. Community workshops for this purpose are being set up around the world and are astonishing with their production capacities. The 'Grande Garage' in the Linz tobacco factory is around 4,000 square meters and is equipped with, among other things, high-performance fabricators, laser cutters, computer-controlled milling machines and industrial robots. Researchers, industry and start-ups, but also students, artists and grandfathers are allowed to work, design and make prototypes there.


Leaving the Value of Work to Computers?
III
Digital systems, especially artificial intelligence, are at the beginning of their development history and valid results from technology assessments are only slowly arriving. What has emerged is that there are many ethical questions that need to be negotiated and require democratic consensus, which the legislature then has to take into account. The issue of security and control is also a substantial one. Both regulatory trends and completely free, bottom-up initiatives are emerging here.
We must see the digital as a new form of craft
New Work according to Bergmann, it is important that constitutional and relationship values are the benchmark for the use of technology. The success of relationships is currently being undermined by economics. Alternative work and remuneration models therefore urgently need to be developed. “New Pay” is currently more likely to be reduced to the renewal of compensation models within an organization. But we need a new approach to interdisciplinary compensation. What we are proposing is just a correction factor to the so-called "free labor market" so that the acceptance of such re-evaluated work performance among the traditional stakeholders in wage issues – the business people and trade unions – increases.
Ø – An AI- and Blockchain-Supported Index for the Value of Work
The index Ø attempts to reduce misallocations in existing calculation approaches for wages by taking correction parameters into account. Here is a rough overview: The index learns from: – Median income
– Anonymized tax data
– Market forces – Labor force – Unemployment BALI – Database
– Education-related employment career monitoring
– collective agreements
– Salary information in advertisements on global job markets
– Modern wage negotiation systems of trade unions and business associations / data 1960 and 2020
– Inflation, productivity, working climate index (AK)
– Job profiles and their task definition/skill sets. – economic relevance models – GDP data, SDI – Sustainable Development Indicators
Index corrected: – according to a points scheme from empirical research results on job satisfaction
– according to surveys and new surveys on the system relevance of professions
– Relevant research data on labor markets – Public welfare balance criteria
– Environmental policy goals
– Social policy goals
– democratic semi-annual surveys
– New Pay for ecosystem services – Value from our own test group with "New Jobs" (Tabakfabrik Linz)
In the future, the index should also take soft facts such as happiness, trust, fear, stress, long-term presence, etc. into account. What we are currently working particularly hard on is, on the one hand, distilling the large amount of existing index data into work and integrating it into the correction in a properly weighted manner. On the other hand, the index tool should ultimately remain simple despite the variety of influencing factors that have to be taken into account. A display that works something like the app with information about electricity consumption in Japan in 2011 would be ideal. After the nuclear disaster, electricity consumption in the country was drastically reduced together with the population. We also believe that we can succeed in this because it is enough to refine results step by step. Even just a single additional parameter, for example taking into account the well-determined gender pay gap, impressively improves the correction quotient. Stage 1 of the index development recorded: 1. Test sample Central Europe
10 professions from completely different sectors and currently different social and economic hierarchies. 2. The same 10 jobs globally in different cultures and economies. 3. 10 jobs in one division. Similar social and economic hierarchies: middle management healthcare. 4. Expansion to 500 professions and "pairing" / "clustering" of professions to the 500 chosen. 5. Evaluation of the ratings on job platforms (e.g. Upwork) of 5×100 people in the same job.
Digital service such as web programmers, nurses, gardeners and managers in the auto industry.

Conclusion
Historically, evolution was in the hands of nature. Now it is suddenly largely in human hands, but we must be careful and use our scientific know-how as responsibly as possible. The task of today's young people, the "Transition Generation", will be to lead humanity through the coming time of chaos, danger and opportunity. In order for them to have a chance to be successful, the older ones have to leave space and resources. One of the forces that is working on a future that continues to be unedifying for most people is the so-called stakeholder capitalism, whose prophets are more likely to be assigned to the corporatocracy and where the signs currently predominate that they want to continue their plunder of the planet essentially undisturbed. By the way, we don't believe that there are particularly evil individuals at work here, not even the so-called ruling class, but rather that the system is currently designed in such a way that greed ruins everything in the end. But there is a much more inconspicuous broad emancipation movement with a gigantic sea of projects that work on the complete opposite. What these projects have in common is that they specifically address civil society solutions to the Great Challenges. When it comes to the topic of work, we include movements such as Transition Towns, D64, the common good economy, post-growth society, solidarity economy and Attac. There is also a growing public backlash against inhumane technology, which has already been identified by the World Economic Forum as a threat and hurdle to overcome. In paternalistic governance efforts for what is supposedly good for people, social engineering and social control are expanded. The “Great Reset” agenda, which has now officially been launched, seeks to guarantee protection from harm that is non-negotiable – in order to reduce concerns and suppress dissent. Basically, it's about building and maintaining the tolerance of the world's population. But if you look at the ongoing conflicts that are currently taking place on the streets – there are the yellow vests, Friday for Future, Blacklife Matters and the fairly opaque composition of various lateral thinkers – or let's say anti-corona protesters – in the German-speaking world, including the climax of the strangely symbolic civil war scenes in the US Capitol, then these are very dark pictures of an escalation of dissent and mistrust of governance with all its characteristics.
Disorientation and escalating protest as a toxic cocktail that of course carries great risks, but which can also shake people awake and make them aware of change. The most beautiful side effect of this “dystopia” is that we can now re-create, re-code life itself. "There's a new world out there and in that new world you can redefine every moment. You can be whoever you damn well want to be!"

We are living through the greatest experiment in human history when it comes to work, given the dramatic change brought about by a simple virus. The health and economic crisis, which we are desperately trying to overcome, is a very good time for change. At this moment, in which the "normal state", the usual processes of a society, are fundamentally disrupted, it becomes clear to what standards everyday life is usually based.
In his play “The Temporary Ones” shortly after the Second World War, Elias Canetti recreated how the relationship between the individual and society can be generally thought of. Of particular importance is the moment of a collective borderline experience, the experience of the dissolution of all social norms. It is this “lawless” experience that we also associate with work and how it will evolve.
NewPay. The momentum is there!
How this “state of emergency” should be assessed politically and culturally is something that even very clever minds differ on. Philosopher Giorgio Agamben, in the first lockdown, lamented the irrevocable loss of our last autonomous spaces for thought and action and the totalitarian triumph of state power. Jean-Luc Nancy and Roberto Esposito contradicted him and explained the lack of alternatives to the concrete measures and at the same time called for a critical examination of the mechanisms of globalization, neoliberalism and biopolitical forms of government. Slavoj Žizek went one better in the debate and saw the real philosophical revolution of events in the fact that the virus could strip away the entire scope of capitalist madness and, on a global level, realign the relationship between people and communities from an existential perspective.
Ultimately, all interpretation is pointless; what comes has to be shaped. Generation Y has the Herculean task to do this and “increased self-attention” is a term that gives hope here.
On the one hand, there is risk aversion, narrow-mindedness, rules, perfectionism and the search for security in teams and peer groups as an expression of the need for stability in the ongoing crisis, a kind of "plush commoning" is paving the way. On the other hand, this generation has an almost religious desire for self-realization, self-economy, multi-optionalism and rejection of traditional Puritan work virtues. Seen positively, it is a new way of being with oneself, a presence that characterizes this generation. You're looking for a sense of belonging, a purpose, perhaps a little meaning. These characteristics are not unimportant when it comes to emancipating New Work.

____
The social think tank New Work-New Culture has been dealing with work matters for 40 years.
In the spirit of Victor J. Papanek – “The green imperative: ecology and ethics in design and architecture” – NANK sees huge potential in the redesign of work and production and seeks and finds answers to the “Great Challenges” with Transition Design.
In recent years, NANK has tried to create positive images for "navigating uncertainty" with various exhibition formats at Ars Electronica and the Vienna Biennale, among other things, and thus raise awareness of solutions to the work dilemma.
NANK Co:llaboratory is a social think tank that researches the 'change of work'
NANK Co:llaboratory conveys the work philosophy concept of 'New Work'
NANK Co:llaboratory develops social design tools around work
Project collaborators: Elodie Bioux, Lisa Kärcher, Frithjof Bergmann, Felix Zabel, Thomas Schneider

GeldØWert



Tjark reads his deportation notice and can't believe it. He has been working unregistered for a temporary employment agency for a few months now and keeps himself afloat by providing support services in various care facilities. Mirko his boss was happy with him. He earned 370 euros this week. It looked so good! Now it says he has to go back to Afghanistan. His flight costs the state about twice as much.
Hanno the Uber driver is sleeping in his car. He's just doing this so he doesn't get fired. Because if he doesn't respond immediately to his algorithm-controlled service app, there will be trouble with the boss. So he has set an alarm that lets him start up reliably every time the city and the company think they can use his driving talent again.
Selma Ennaifer, the Tunisian Foreign Minister, speaks to representatives of the European Commission in an almost pleading tone. The reason? The EU's travel restrictions due to the pandemic mean that 70 percent (!) of the businesses in Tunisia, a tourist destination, have to close.
Three very different stories and yet similarly symbolic of the misery we are in. The examples have the theme of work and failure in common. In particular, it becomes clear which serious systemic errors are built into the current globally oriented work organization.

The gray perm of my hometown Linz, the family, and the school triggered a freedom gene in me early on. Initially relatively pampered and brought up in a middle-class environment, in addition to my studies, I was able to sip the fruits of our work system as an envelope inserter for a textile company, in the post office packing hall, in the Telekom call center and finally during community service in a retirement home. Even though it was relatively well paid, I thought to myself, “Well, brack!”. Work in the wage system appears to be one crippling oppressive attack. The lack of freedom didn't change fundamentally later in television as an editor and editor. Instead of getting a taste of truth, creativity and fame, the wrong people at the controls – namely politically acceptable news peddlers – spoil the actually great opportunities in a moving image medium. Since life isn't a jump-and-run game where you have 3 lives, I realized I had to get out of there. So, somewhat naively, I started my own personal liberation movement and set off towards film and art. I had to reorganize the lifelong issues of education, training and work for myself, which firstly wasn't that easy and secondly led to the realization: self-employment also has bars, just in plush ones. Not least because of this, I have been spending a lot of time since then, in addition to paid work, also initiating projects that deal with finding out how we as a society could escape from being held hostage by the job system. And that's exactly what this article is about.
Utopia for Realists
How do we change that with work? With digitalization, workplaces cease to be fixed places and begin to transform into states. I want to get you to think about these conditions together with New Work-New Culture. We could spend 15 minutes philosophizing, dreaming, pondering how we can ensure that we achieve something better in the rapidly accelerating transformation process of work.
A key to this is Bergmann's concept of “really, really wanting”. The New Work “WWW” has little or nothing to do with self-realization and self-optimization. According to Bergmann, New Work is not about a little improvement, not about job crafting. New Work – New culture doesn't just touch the surface and esotericism is a horror for us. NANK is an evolutionary, philosophical concept of freedom with a focus on work.

Work goes deep into the understanding of personality and the values and core beliefs associated with it. It also comprehensively defines and dominates relationship values in the world. New Work, as Frithjof Bergmann sees it, has nothing to do with love bombing, shining in the sun or the value of being used in itself. It is much more about the intrinsic motivation of what is present within oneself and how strongly it is perceived. In comparison to the power of external influences, people's own desires do not pull with strong ropes, but hang on a thin and easily torn, delicate thread. New Work calls this phenomenon the “poverty of desire”. The human being itself is far too often, first and foremost, weak and fragile. People quickly become discouraged, depressed and tame. Therefore, it is easy to intimidate or even train people, and many people are shy and withdrawn. Frithjof Bergmann also calls the phenomenon self-ignorance; beyond the individual, he speaks of the “concept of unlived life,” which often shapes working society. Handle
In the first part of this article I would like to outline Bergmann's New Work in more detail and embed it in the current socio-political context. It will be an attempt to position the essential elements, calling and community production, within the changing economic framework. The second part is about what role digitalization plays in the transformation process of work, what is going wrong and how we could transfer this into a new, more humane era. I refer to the current developments surrounding COVID and the long-term major forces of democratization, automation, globalization and monetary control. In the last part, I present our current approach to how a technological tool could be used to specifically improve the situation on the labor market. "Ø – The value of an hour of work" attempts to develop a value system for work secured using DLT (Blockchain) technology. Ø is an index that uses artificial intelligence to learn how to correct incorrect dispositions and unequal evaluations of work and systemic errors in salary issues. From data already collected, supplemented with new evaluation approaches, a factor is calculated by which an existing remuneration should be multiplied in order to better reflect the social value of a job. So that as little ideology as possible sets the tone, we try to record the activities themselves with a matrix of skill sets.
Both soft factors such as creativity and empathy as well as hard criteria such as the level of education required for this activity or the average work speed required are taken into account.

work is the change machine
In the part-time review that we call work, we slowly come to the realization that we as a society are somehow stuck when it comes to work. Economic growth madness, automation. Digitalization. It doesn't go forward or back. According to Bergmann, New Work has been thinking about why this is and how we could change it for 40 years and is proposing something new.
New Work-New Culture firmly believes that with smart changes to the work system we can have a positive impact on the whole world. Calling – the intrinsic calling – linked to collaborative production methods will revolutionize working life and the way we live. Technologically, the unbelievable is already possible. As a private person, you can dock your phone to the AI "GPT-3" and have a universe of possibilities that goes beyond your imagination and initially flattens you in its abundance.
For example, you can have fictitious conversations with Thunberg, Chomsky, Musk, Obama, the Pope or the Chinese civil rights activist Wei Jingsheng. For example, if you ask what is going wrong with digitalization and what the next right step would be, artificial intelligence provides the answer from the data of the published statements of these thinkers that it is up to us whether it turns out badly or well. But there are also amazingly more useful, logical and authentic-sounding answers to the really pressing questions of our time. Even scientists who work on it are left with a feeling somewhere between euphoria and bewilderment when they propose solutions to the climate problem. In some cases, these experts can no longer even understand exactly how AI comes up with its solutions when it invents new things in goods logistics, resource conservation and smart health robotics.
Theoretically, everyone with the Internet has swarm intelligence in their pocket as a tool for making decisions. Theoretically, firstly, access is limited and secondly, this oracle is the machine learning substrate of “everyone’s opinion”. The question is not just philosophical, but quite practical, whether this really has anything to do with intelligence. This supposedly collectively secured data is available from the perspective of a programmer and an institution that decides on the data composition of the model. To what extent this data is ethically compromised, to what extent it is just mainstream, to what extent it is the devil is currently being researched. What we already know is that they are similar to Wikipedia, white, male and dominated by rich countries.
New Work, with its approach of listening individually to what you need and what you want, helps you navigate uncertainty. When it comes to entering this vast, white and uncharted field of new possibilities, we need a strong inner compass. Because, despite the revolutionary framework, there may still be a marathon ahead of us before we synchronize sufficiently and develop common cultural techniques that raise the potential of what is possible and ultimately enable a better life for many. But what we are already dealing with is an acceleration of transformation processes, which people are sometimes facing with fear.
There has always been change, especially at work. But now we see the beginning of a new era. On the one hand, it is the obvious acceleration of upheavals that provides good reasons to speak of a new era. But it is also the nature of the fragility. As Václav Havel once said, it is as if something were exhausting and destroying itself. But what now rises from the rubble? How can we deal with these breaks?
New Work – New Culture is interested in the symptoms of decay and departure and the contradictions as an expression of a deeper transformation of work as we know it. When it comes to work and meaning, we still long for something different. It is not yet possible to define this other. But the fog is clearing. A first idea of what the new thing could look like grows as the offspring of a kind of collective longing. What we are seeing now is that a new form of being present and being present is emerging. This presence not only has something to do with digital 5G acceleration, but also something to do with authenticity, with being close to what you do every day.

Industrial Age – Information Age – Augmented Age
From the very beginning – and that was back in the 70s – the New Work did not want to regret the end of the job system, but rather to celebrate it frenetically. As Hegelians, we believe that we are not born free from the beginning, but that the path to freedom is difficult to achieve. And the job system has made people terribly unfree. In the classic wage-earning society, optimizing a company means optimizing “human resources”. People with individual wishes, skills and living conditions are referred to as resources and we want to use them as willing employees as multi-flexibly and effectively as possible. More and more people, and not just since Corona, are no longer playing along. People fall out of their roles, things are no longer in their place. Politicians have looked at continuities for too long and overlooked the radical epochal break around 1980. The topics have changed. An entire intellectual coordinate system has shifted: people torn between the individual and society, oscillating between the individual psyche and that of the masses. The individual's body is hidden into the social body. There is also a pull from desire to need, from a vertical to a horizontal order. In this situation, New Work calls for a sustainable strengthening of the individual's free will and a collaborative spirit. Finding out what you want, finding your calling, can help defuse problems when navigating uncertainty if we allow a little more flamboyance for what is “naturally possible”. During the industrial era, the vast majority of work was done using muscle power; it was dull, grueling, exhausting backbreaking work. In the post-industrial age, this work is almost entirely done by machines. The first “Dark Factories” are in Taipei. The production halls there remain dark because in normal operation only robots with sensors and not a single person work. Regardless of the current flight restrictions, Lufthansa has plans in place to manage business in the future with 40,000 fewer employees. It is estimated that artificial intelligence and augmented reality will make 30-50 percent of current jobs obsolete in the next 10 years. What will we work on? What will we work on? We don't know for sure. But what we can say is that the work will not stop. In order to overcome the "Great Challenges" – poverty, environment, health – in society, billions of people can and must get involved.
If we let machines do the dull work, two thirds of all work could be employment that makes you stronger, that is tailored to you, that advances you, that serves your self-realization. This represents enormous progress, because in the past only small privileged elites – artists, intellectuals and inventors – could enjoy the hearty lifeblood of such work. A cleverly linked network of collaboration, combined with entrepreneurship and fair remuneration mechanisms, can offer protection against job loss, downward mobility and poverty. The core message: 'Work on what you really, really want!' This important nucleus of freedom joins research and discovery in 'Community Production' and combines work on hi-tech machines with a good touch of entrepreneurial spirit.

The Value of Work
The way in which the current economic reference system has systemically anchored the exchange of goods for the last 150 years has weakened people. They have merely tamed it and not developed it. In addition, this modern, Western materialism only works slowly. Japan has not produced significant economic growth for decades, although perversely the ongoing costs of the nuclear catastrophe in Fukushima and the protests over it are counted as 'growth'.
The current understanding of economics is very narrow. Areas such as social care, family and reproductive work are systematically undervalued, and art and culture and the realities of life of marginalized groups are negated. Not least because of this, work is increasingly confronted with an inclusion logic of meaning, intimacy, concern and inclination. Mass production is not focused on creating cultural richness, diversity and inclusion. After 20 years of optimization efficiency, the richness has been consistently slowed down. If society wants to move away from mass production because other needs come to the fore, then we must necessarily ask ourselves: is the organization of work and production that we have the best possible way to unleash creativity and innovation?

money and work
In view of the change in the value and the meaning of the concept of goods itself, New Work is convinced that the value of work can also be completely reassessed. Up to now, money has been more of a lubricant for many things to fail in the end. A real store of value for work could be the lubricant that makes it all work. In order to regain more mining rights to life, we could empower people with a new form of work organization and work evaluation. We could experience a rise instead of an exhaustion of people with the digital and we could move more and more towards a culture of freedom. We just haven't really learned yet how to remelt and reshape our centuries-old collective patterns of thinking, speaking and institutionalization to fit the new realities. In this space of possibilities, in Walter Benjamin's “now time”, New Work-New Culture has arguments, images, terms and tools, where it seems so difficult to develop an emancipatory vision of the future and to look for ways to realize it in the here and now.
The Epic Conversation About the US Dollar System with Macro Analyst Luke Gromen from April 2020
One of the most important macroeconomic questions facing the world is the future of the global reserve system, which has been dominated by the US dollar for the last 80 years.
The topics in conversation:
Bretton Woods and why the world went for a USD-based system and not John Maynard Keynes' idea of a non-sovereign "Bancor" world reserve currency.
The transition to petrodollars in the 1970s.
The financialization of commodities that began in the 1980s.
The monetary policy vacuum after the end of the Cold War.
How a Shift in Executive Compensation Rules Led to Many of Today's Problems with Wall Street.
The export of treasury bonds as a business model.
The economic impact of 2008 worldwide and domestically.
The end of the purchase of Treasury bonds in 2014.
Why the Federal Reserve is the only sugar daddy left.


Scenes of the Crime
Digitalization is one of the big drivers of change in work. But the digital revolution is going wrong. We seem to be losing to the algorithms. Everything is regulated, used and accounted for and what is humane is crushed between the bits and bytes. Inequality continues to rise. The distribution of knowledge and resources as well as the value chains are distributed even more inhomogeneously globally, nationally and locally due to digitalization and the associated automation and production changes.
Change in production is at the same time a change in the value of labor. Work performance and its value have become largely decoupled from fair pay in real stores of value. Given the effects of digitalization, the value creation regime is currently changing. The practices of production and consumption are changing towards open, distributed and feedback forms of production. New forms of collaboration are becoming more relevant and decentralization and fair value exchange are taking shape.
Here too, the magnifying glass of the corona and economic crisis highlights the extent of the distortion and ruthlessly exposes weak points. Where digitalization, communication and synchronization succeed, work works. Mobile office and homeschooling are not an option for precarious professional groups. The 21st century digital economy runs on a 20th century operating system. The big tech companies like Tencent, Facebook, Google, Alibaba, Tesla, Netflix are single-handedly hijacking NASDAQ & Co. during Corona. The platform's feudalism à la Amazon is becoming obvious in its frightening power potential.
we must see the digital as a new form of craft
Instead of this monopoly and surveillance capitalism, New Work strives for an economic circular system of global neighborhoods with balanced production and use: decentralized, regional collaboration in the form of 'community production' as a kind of basic economy; concrete substrates of freedom in the form of access to digital and analog infrastructure and commons for people instead of a basic income. Community workshops for this purpose are being set up around the world and are astonishing with their production capacities. The 'Grande Garage' in the Linz tobacco factory is around 4,000 square meters and is equipped with, among other things, high-performance fabricators, laser cutters, computer-controlled milling machines and industrial robots. Researchers, industry and start-ups, but also students, artists and grandfathers are allowed to work, design and make prototypes there.


Leaving the Value of Work to Computers?
Digital systems, especially artificial intelligence, are at the beginning of their development history and valid results from technology assessments are only slowly arriving. What has emerged is that there are many ethical questions that need to be negotiated and require democratic consensus, which the legislature then has to take into account. The issue of security and control is also a substantial one. Both regulatory trends and completely free, bottom-up initiatives are emerging here.
The success of relationships must serve as an ethical basis for digital possibilities
New Work according to Bergmann, it is important that constitutional and relationship values are the benchmark for the use of technology. The success of relationships is currently being undermined by economics. Alternative work and remuneration models therefore urgently need to be developed. “New Pay” is currently more likely to be reduced to the renewal of compensation models within an organization. But we need a new approach to interdisciplinary compensation. What we are proposing is just a correction factor to the so-called "free labor market" so that the acceptance of such re-evaluated work performance among the traditional stakeholders in wage issues – the business people and trade unions – increases.
Ø – An AI- and Blockchain-Supported Index for the Value of Work
The index Ø attempts to reduce misallocations in existing calculation approaches for wages by taking correction parameters into account. Here is a rough overview:
The index learns from:
– Median income
– Anonymized tax data
– Market forces – Labor force – Unemployment BALI – Database
– Education-related employment career monitoring
– collective agreements
– Salary information in advertisements on global job markets
– Modern wage negotiation systems of trade unions and business associations / data 1960 and 2020
– Inflation, productivity, working climate index (AK)
– Job profiles and their task definition/skill sets.
– economic relevance models – GDP data, SDI – Sustainable Development Indicators
Index corrected:
– according to a points scheme based on empirical research results on job satisfaction
– according to surveys and new surveys on the system relevance of professions
– Relevant research data on labor markets – Public welfare balance criteria
– Environmental policy goals
– Social policy goals
– democratic semi-annual surveys
– New Pay for ecosystem services – Value from our own test group with "New Jobs" (Tabakfabrik Linz)
In the future, the index should also take soft facts such as happiness, trust, fear, stress, long-term presence, etc. into account. What we are currently working particularly hard on is, on the one hand, distilling the large amount of existing index data into work and integrating it into the correction in a properly weighted manner. On the other hand, the index tool should ultimately remain simple despite the variety of influencing factors that have to be taken into account.
A display that works something like the app with information about electricity consumption in Japan in 2011 would be ideal. After the nuclear disaster, electricity consumption in the country was drastically reduced together with the population.
We also believe that we can succeed in this because it is enough to refine results step by step. Even just a single additional parameter, for example taking into account the well-determined gender pay gap, impressively improves the correction quotient.

Conclusion
Historically, evolution was in the hands of nature. Now it is suddenly largely in human hands, but we must be careful and use our scientific know-how as responsibly as possible. The task of today's young people, the "Transition Generation", will be to lead humanity through the coming time of chaos, danger and opportunity. In order for them to have a chance of being successful, the older ones have to leave space and resources.
One of the forces that is working on a future that continues to be unedifying for most people is the so-called stakeholder capitalism, whose prophets are more likely to be assigned to the corporatocracy and where the signs currently predominate that they want to continue their plunder of the planet essentially undisturbed. By the way, we don't believe that there are particularly evil individuals at work here, not even the so-called ruling class, but rather that the system is currently designed in such a way that greed ruins everything in the end.
But there is a much more inconspicuous broad emancipation movement with a gigantic sea of projects that work on the complete opposite. What these projects have in common is that they specifically address civil society solutions to the Great Challenges. When it comes to the topic of work, we include movements such as Transition Towns, P2P Foundation, D64, the Common Good Economy, Post-Growth Society, Solidarity Economy and Attac.
There is also a growing public backlash against inhumane technology, which has already been identified by the World Economic Forum as a threat and hurdle to overcome. In paternalistic governance efforts for what is supposedly good for people, social engineering and social control are expanded. The “Great Reset” agenda, which has now officially been launched, seeks to guarantee protection from harm that is non-negotiable – in order to reduce concerns and suppress dissent. Basically, it's about building and maintaining the tolerance of the world's population.
But if you look at the ongoing conflicts that are currently taking place on the streets – there are the yellow vests, Friday for Future, Blacklife Matters and the fairly opaque composition of various lateral thinkers in the German-speaking world, including the climax of the strangely symbolic civil war scenes in the US Capitol – then these are very dark images of an escalation of dissent and distrust of governance with all its characteristics. Disorientation and escalating protest as a toxic cocktail that of course carries great risks, but which can also shake people awake and make them aware of change.

Given the dramatic change brought about by a simple virus, we are also living through the greatest experiment in human history when it comes to work. The health and economic crisis, which we are desperately trying to overcome, is a very good time for change. At this moment, in which the "normal state", the usual processes of a society, are fundamentally disrupted, it becomes clear to what standards everyday life is usually based. In his play “The Temporary Ones” shortly after the Second World War, Elias Canetti recreated how the relationship between the individual and society can be generally thought of. Of particular importance is the moment of a collective borderline experience, the experience of the dissolution of all social norms. It is this “lawless” experience that we also associate with work and how it will evolve. NewPay. The momentum is there! How this “state of emergency” should be assessed politically and culturally is something that even very clever minds differ on. Philosopher Giorgio Agamben, in the first lockdown, lamented the irrevocable loss of our last autonomous spaces for thought and action and the totalitarian triumph of state power. Jean-Luc Nancy and Roberto Esposito contradicted him and explained the lack of alternatives to the concrete measures and at the same time called for a critical examination of the mechanisms of globalization, neoliberalism and bio-political forms of government. Slavoj Žizek went one better in the debate and saw the real philosophical revolution of events in the fact that the virus could strip away the entire scope of capitalist madness and, on a global level, realign the relationship between people and communities from an existential perspective. "There's a new world out there and in that new world you can redefine every moment. You can be whoever you damn well want to be!"
Ultimately, all interpretation is pointless; what comes has to be shaped. Generations Y and Z have the Herculean task to do this and “increased self-attention” is a term that gives hope here. On the one hand, there is risk aversion, narrow-mindedness, rules, perfectionism and the search for security in teams and peer groups as an expression of the need for stability in a constant crisis; A kind of “plush commoning” is emerging. On the other hand, this generation has an almost religious desire for self-realization, self-economy, multi-optionalism and rejection of traditional Puritan work virtues. Seen positively, it is a new 'being with yourself', a presence that characterizes this generation.
You're looking for a sense of belonging, a purpose, perhaps a little meaning. These characteristics are not unimportant when it comes to emancipating New Work. The most beautiful side thing of all “Dystopia” is that we can now re-create, re-code life itself.

Article by Ilja Weisz – igor@servus.at
We trust in work
New Work New Culture
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The social think tank New Work-New Culture has been dealing with work matters for 40 years.
In the spirit of Victor J. Papanek – “The green imperative: ecology and ethics in design and architecture” – NANK sees huge potential in the redesign of work and production and seeks and finds answers to the “Great Challenges” with Transition Design.
In recent years, NANK has tried to create positive images for "navigating uncertainty" with various exhibition formats at Ars Electronica and the Vienna Biennale, among other things, and thus raise awareness of solutions to the work dilemma.
NANK Co:llaboratory is a social think tank that researches the 'change of work'
NANK Co:llaboratory conveys the work philosophy concept of 'New Work'
NANK Co:llaboratory develops social design tools around work
Project collaborators: Elodie Bioux, Lisa Kärcher, Frithjof Bergmann, Felix Zabel

Willkommen bei
New Work – New Culture
Understand Frithjof Bergmann’s New Work, explore example projects, and much more.


For Frithjof Bergmann, the point is that every person can find work in harmony with their own wishes, hopes, dreams, and talents, and that reorganizing work is the key to an alternative and a new culture.
Work can be understood as a polarity: work can exhaust and drain, but it can also be the opposite – something that gives strength, draws us into life, and gives us meaning. When it comes to work, and when we talk about sustainability in society, we should be interested in the question of power. The power that gives freedom, but also the power of better concepts of work, is the subject of this text. On the meta level it is an invitation to think about whether we want to remain servants of other masters, or whether we should take our fate more firmly into our own hands. To answer this, we first try to reach an understanding of the discussion around the “Grand Challenges” against which the world is struggling. Among these challenges, the gap between the obscenely rich and the devastatingly poor has a special position for “New Work”. We consider how the deepening trenches between the “desert people”, who have hardly any resources, and the “oasis people”, who revel in luxury, might be bridged. There seems to be no remedy for this. Unless a loud and comprehensible voice for something “new” begins to form. This new thing is often linked with hopes about digitalization. Over time, however, we have had to revise some of these romantic ideas of freedom through the digital network. Alienated, alone, and angry is what the digital revolution has really done to us. We were promised community, civics, and convenience. Instead we found ourselves confused, mistrustful, and without orientation.

D. Rushkoff warns: “The digital economy is going wrong. Everyone knows it, but nobody knows exactly why, let alone how to fix it. Workers are losing to automation, drivers are losing to Uber, investors are losing to algorithms, hotels are losing to Airbnb, and even tech developers are losing their visions to the demands of the start-up economy.”
It is not the digital itself, but rather the way we apply it. More a legacy of early corporatism and central currencies than a feature of digital technology. We are running the 21st-century digital economy on a 13th-century operating system.
The operating system for the next epoch could be New Work after Bergmann, with AI and blockchain as important tools for it.
So that this application of technology does not go wrong again, New Work New Culture considers which ethics, which concepts, and which terms this innovation requires, and negotiates the question of how the transition to a more sustainable society could succeed. Which alternatives to the world of work and to the growth economy are being attempted, and which strategies are crystallizing? We also highlight commonalities between different initiatives and schools (common-good economy, post-growth economy, basic income, Theory U, solidarity economy, Transition Towns, peer economy, New Work). In the analysis of today’s work society, we emphasize positive changes and diagnose an intensive shared movement of reflection in order to shape the important process of upheaval that is emerging in a deep transformation of the relations between economy, politics, government, and civil society.
We love capitalism, but it cannot continue like this. Starting from the traditional Marxist discussion about whether a life worthy of human beings is fundamentally compatible with the pressure to valorize within capitalist production, we comment here in a broad arc on the discussion of self-work, commons, common land, and the new social culture that could be achieved through the model of a new organization of work presented by New Work. The meaning and goal of this “New Culture” – a thoroughly attainable “Utopia” – is to become freer and more independent of economic dependencies. How? Yes, the “hedgehog-like how?” after Frithjof Bergmann is what Parts II-IV are about. It bristles, it pricks, none of this is easy. In our view, the pivot for solving many problematic developments that are commonly perceived as a temporary crisis is work. We perceive an epochal transformation rather than a crisis, and propose supplementing the now slowly expiring classical wage labor with self-work and founder models for innovative production and services, in order to give Homo sapiens more resilience as we face the coming changes and disruptions. Alongside analysis, this handbook offers a proposal for a solution. We propose the philosophy and practice of New Work-New Culture as a vision of the future, as an attitude, and as a handle for reorganizing work. More “participation”, more “sovereignty”, and more “capacity to exist” could strengthen trust when it comes to navigating uncertainty in the future.
A threefold division of working time into classical wage labor, self-work, and “what one really, really wants to do”. How can conditions be adapted to a form of work that allows one’s own will to prevail and, in harmony with producing neighborhoods, also connect to functioning business models? This could be realized in a form of work that provides for a threefold division of working time into classical wage labor, self-work, and “what one really, really wants to do”: a mixed set of organizational form and suitable tools manifests and locates itself in production sites and think factories for products and services that in some cases have not yet been invented. These would then be the modules of an economy and way of life founded on commons, which we call basic economy.
Another focus of this handbook on work is a look at the possibilities of integrating New Work into labor-market policies. NWNC most recently had the opportunity to do so at the closing conference of the valuable transnational project “Waage” carried out by “Horizont”. Our concern was to discuss possibilities of self-work in social enterprises. In addition to discussing development trends and potentials of labor administration in Brandenburg, the kind invitation of Prof. Berg from Sozialwerk Horizont made it possible to consider the extent to which attitudes toward work are undergoing change and which pragmatic implementation strategies accompany this transformation. We were able to address future projects in the labor-market field, and especially in the task area of social enterprises, which are rare in Brandenburg, discuss how employment in a mixed work system of wage labor, subsistence, and entrepreneurship could be realized in a social enterprise with long-term unemployed people.
It is characteristic of the region around Berlin, Leipzig, Dresden, and Frankfurt that large factories have closed. Many people were laid off and a new beginning in the region seems difficult. The longest-term benefit recipients are credited with little intellectual potential. Attempts to provide “enabling spaces” made clear that, in addition to free space, concrete small starting points are needed, as well as the establishment of stable networking offers and support formats. The potential in the area is there. There are young people who want to build an alternative life with food, electric vehicles, and other products. There are women baking cakes on their own initiative who are not connected with the possible promoters of their craft. There are artists who have settled on one floor of an abandoned weaving mill and are now thinking about how to connect life and work in that place. There are pupils who, on their own initiative, built a better outboard motor for paddle boats than what is available commercially, and now the question is: what to do with so much talent?
In the classical wage-labor society, optimizing a company means optimizing human capital, that is, employees. New Work counters this efficiency mania with a sustainable strengthening of the individual’s free will and a collaborative way of working, vigorously aided by empowering technology. The core statement is: “Work on what you really, really want!” This important nucleus of freedom joins craft in “Community Production” and links work on high-tech DIY machines with a proper dose of entrepreneurial spirit. Finding out what one wants, finding one’s “calling”, can help defuse problems in the labor market. Allowing a little more flamboyance for what is uniquely one’s own to make, and a cleverly linked network of collaboration in connection with entrepreneurship, can offer protection against job loss, decline, and poverty. After studying a “Practice” catalogue at the end of these pages, you will know more about how the transformation of work that exploits into something one enjoys doing, something that does one good, can succeed, and what step you yourself might take toward it.

Where are we going? How do we want to live?
In the part-time revue we call life, we are slowly coming to recognize that as a society we are somehow stuck. We can go neither forward nor back. The most beautiful side effect of this “dystopia” is that we can now recreate life itself, recode it. Out there is a new world, and in this new world you can redefine at every moment who you damn well want to be.
Navigating uncertainty
We could once again stand before the blank canvas and wait, wait, wait … endure ourselves … mirror the world within us, turn it around, and then, when we are certain, paint the next picture: the next picture of our society. Let us try to await the moment in which the new arises within us and then have the courage to bring the new into the picture in broad gestures.
New Work New Culture – tools for the next economy
What we need for this is the will and a few tools. We want to develop these further with `share your factory`. Our tools revolve around co-design, human-machine interfaces, and circular-economy solutions. They are intelligent applications insofar as they make networking, excitement, and also evaluation possible. Beyond that, we are for the first time connecting blockchain with micro-production.

„Es geht uns um die Schaffung einer Gesellschaft und Kultur, in der wirklich jeder, Mann oder Frau, die Chance bekommt, einen beträchtlichen Teil seiner Zeit mit einer Arbeit zu verbringen, die er oder sie erfüllend und faszinierend findet und die die Menschen aufbaut und ihnen mehr Kraft und mehr Vitalität gibt“, Frithjof Bergmann: Neue Arbeit, Neue Kultur. Freiamt 2004, S. 19.
Calling
The period around the coronavirus, with its unspeakable, hysterically excessive measures, did have one good side. Many people understood that change in work is possible and very present, and that control must not only come from outside, but also happens bottom up – and that this transformation begins, not least, with each individual. This pause was an impulse for NWNC to push once more in the attempt to bring about a model of work that makes it easier for all people on this planet to do what they really, really want. When asking what one is especially good at, where one senses meaning, happiness, and talent, it helps to negotiate wishes, longings, and abilities face to face. Nevertheless, for most people it is very difficult even to find out what they really, really want.
Sometimes it is a film, sometimes a conversation. Everyone probably has their own experiences. In any case, it already helps to have guidance and assistance.
How does it work, how does one find out what one really, really wants? As Frithjof Bergmann says, one does not find it like a tennis ball under a green tree. It takes time, guidance, tools, and a lot of communication to find this out, and there are also traditional structures and weighty interests that stand in the way of democratizing work and production. But with the Covid virus holding us in its breath, we are also experiencing the greatest experiment in the history of humanity concerning work. New Work New Culture wants to reshape this transformation on three levels:
1. Personal perspective: Do what you really, really want! Realize opportunities on the path to fulfilling activity.
2. Organizational perspective: testing new solutions based on the principles of decentralization and co-creation.
3. Technological perspective: Fair Pay re-evaluates work by means of AI and DLT and thereby also supports relocalization and climate protection.
Community Production
Community Production, or “Distributed Microproduction”, is a universe of personal and social making. We connect concrete places, actors, and tools. Innovation approaches around code and production receive a stage and a showcase. In the learning world of the New Factory, design is developed that advances forms of collaborative production into future practice. With this set of cultural techniques, a universally modelable, decentralized system of work and production exists, stretching its tentacles deep into the city and out into the world.
Socio-techniques such as “Share your Factory”
Share Your Factory wants to update the operating system of production and uses the real experimental environment for this. In this context, the project opens up diverse spaces of possibility for novel value-creation concepts. Forms of collaboration and decentralization will continue to gain relevance, and with 1hWork innovation efforts and technological trends can be constantly implemented in production and fairly accounted for through work input.
The economic and social designs derived from this (visions and scenarios) in turn provide the necessary knowledge base for further steps around products and technology sets of decentralized microproduction.
With the New Factory we develop reference architecture and technology. Know-how transfer takes place through pop-up factories, home delivery, and communication and learning offers for schools, universities, and vocational support institutions. A DIY stream and the Your Own Fabric Box, which comes to the population, describe current engineering competencies in a playful way in connection with a competition format. The longer-term goal is the designer as factory. The construction of entire micro-machine parks and mini production lines.

„Jedem der an den verschiedenen Projekten Beteiligten war klar, dass die ökonomische Freiheit, welche die High Tech Eigenproduktion (Community Production) uns ermöglicht, auf lange Sicht eine unerlässliche Voraussetzung dafür ist, tatsächlich das tun zu können, was man wirklich, wirklich will. Das ist ohne den durch die HTEP erreichbaren Grad an materieller Unabhängigkeit nämlich nicht möglich. Wo diese nicht gegeben ist, wird der Druck der ‘Realität – oder dessen, was Bertolt Brecht ’die Verhältnisse’ nannte – uns zu beschämenden Kompromissen zwingen. … Wo sind die Werkzeuge, die Maschinen und Apparate, die Herstellungsmethoden, die uns in die Lage versetzen, das zu tun?“, Frithjof Bergmann: Neue Arbeit, Neue Kultur. Freiamt 2004, S. 22-23
Socio-techniques such as Share Your Factory
Share Your Factory wants to update the operating system of production and uses the real experimental environment for this. In this context, the project opens up diverse spaces of possibility for novel value-creation concepts. Forms of collaboration and decentralization will continue to gain relevance, and with 1hWork innovation efforts and technological trends can be constantly implemented in production and fairly accounted for through work input. The economic and social designs that can be derived from this (visions and scenarios) in turn provide the necessary knowledge base for further steps around products and technology sets of decentralized microproduction. With the New Factory we develop reference architecture and technology. Know-how transfer takes place through pop-up factories, home delivery, and communication and learning offers for schools, universities, and vocational support institutions. A DIY stream and the Your Own Fabric Box, which comes to the population, describe current engineering competencies in a playful way in connection with a competition format. The longer-term goal is the designer as factory. The construction of entire micro-machine parks and mini production lines.
Concrete Projects
New Work New Culture has a philosophical and theoretical background. The people who over the years connected themselves with Frithjof Bergmann’s ideas, however, have kept a very precise eye on practice because they are deeply convinced of his vision. Many projects are looking for ways to make the groundbreaking ideas about work simple and practically applicable in everyday life.
More about implementation
Since Frithjof Bergmann’s death more than four years ago, things have grown quiet around “New Work”, his concept for a comprehensive redesign of the work system. All the louder, however, have become those who simply appropriated the term and continue to bend it to their own purposes. First among them is the mainstream of New Work, which does refer to Bergmann but has something entirely different in mind, so that there are no longer any points of contact between the original and the mainstream.
Frithjof Bergmann repeatedly emphasized that New Work is a many-sided and comprehensive approach that cannot be pressed into a definition or – which amounts to the same thing – reduced to one dimension. New Work is, among other things: a critique of the prevailing work system (job system) and its many deficiencies. It makes clear how burdensome the conditions have become under which people have to work. The formulation of a new work system in order to overcome the irreversible abuses of the job system.
In doing so, New Work introduces new forms of work on both sides of the labor market and beyond it, in order to reduce dependence on the job system as far as possible and to significantly improve the quality of work. A critique of the prevailing economic system. It demonstrates that this system is not sustainable. In particular, infinite economic growth in a finite world is a contradiction that creates more and more conflicts. A contribution to post-growth economics. For New Work shows how we can free ourselves from the compulsion toward economic growth. Sustainable economic activity. The concept stands for good and healthy work, for local production that is climate-friendly and conserves resources, and the modern self-provisioning envisioned in the concept is a remedy against the mentality of consumption and disposability.
The question of technology: What role should technology play in our society in the future? Who should have access to it? And how can it be used for the benefit of society as a whole?
Both a concept for the societal level and a guide for individuals. The individual can begin to shape their work in the spirit of New Work without having to wait for labor-market reforms from above. NWNC is a flexible concept that each person can adapt to their own possibilities and needs. It is a concept applicable worldwide, one that does justice to the globalization of work and the economy.
The formulation of the claim to usher in a new culture in which the economy and work should serve human beings and their development. In Bergmann’s words: “The goal of New Work is not to free people from work, but to transform work in such a way that it brings forth free, self-determined, human beings. We should not serve work; work should serve us. The work we do should not consume all our strength and exhaust us. Instead, it should give us more strength and energy. It should support us in our development, helping us become more alive, more complete, stronger human beings.” (Frithjof Bergmann and Stella Friedland, Neue Arbeit kompakt, Arbor Verlag, Freiamt 2007, p. 16)
With this article series we want to recall the original concept and its many layers by devoting each contribution to one aspect of New Work. We do not claim completeness; rather, further texts will be added over time. The authors are guides, companions, members of the network of the same name, and people who engage with Bergmann’s world of thought and his concerns. Bergmann later renamed his concept “New Work-New Culture”, among other reasons to distinguish it from the emerging mainstream. In this article series we consistently speak of “New Work” in order to point out that the term originally goes back to him and not to abandon it to the mainstream.
New Work as a New Work System
New Work as a new work system should not simply be imagined as an optimized version of the existing job system. The abuses described in the first contribution are not merely temporary negative side effects; they are deeply anchored in the job system. It must therefore be changed fundamentally, by having the job lose its dominant role and be supplemented by additional forms of work. New Work takes concrete form in three central forms of work:
I Reduction of Working Time
New Work provides for employed people to reduce their working time – concretely: to transform the full-time job into a part-time job. This measure is based on two essential arguments:
- Reduction of the negative effects of the abuses: while sport, yoga, or mindfulness training merely alleviate symptoms, the reduction of working time addresses the root. Those who work less relieve themselves permanently and protect themselves against burnout, exhaustion, and chronic stress. Beyond that, part-time work opens new possibilities: people can reconcile work and private life better, continue their education, or take more care of themselves and their relatives. Part-time work helps people cope healthily with the steadily lengthening working life. Those who do not exhaust themselves remain productive over the long term – part-time work is therefore sustainable and future-oriented.
- Free space for new activities: only through the reduction of job work does time emerge to pursue other activities in the sense of New Work. The loss of job time is compensated by productive, self-determined work.
II Self-Provisioning Through Technology
Self-provisioning means making things oneself instead of buying them. This makes us more independent of the compulsion to earn money and therefore of job work. New Work now links self-provisioning with the most advanced technology – with computers, 3-D printers, new production methods and processes, and the internet. The result is that in the future we will be able to produce a large share of the goods we need in everyday life quickly and easily ourselves. Take, for example, the latest development of chatbots such as ChatGPT or Copilot: one can create application letters oneself, improve texts, have drafts prepared, and much more. For pupils it becomes a self-learning tool that partly makes teachers and tutoring unnecessary. This new self-provisioning does not imply a return to nature or heavy physical labor. Rather, it makes technology serve us in such a way that the main burden is not borne by human beings but by machines. What one’s own labor power was for classical self-provisioning, technology is for modern self-provisioning.
Why is this form of work necessary? Through digitalization, technologization receives an enormous push. More and more jobs disappear through automation, while fewer new ones are created. For employees this means: they lose income when machines take over their work. Employers, by contrast, benefit because they can produce more cheaply and achieve higher profits. The consequence: income differences grow, the gap between rich and poor deepens, and social inequality increases.
This process must not be left to itself. It must be shaped and used – as a challenge and an opportunity. Bergmann puts it succinctly: “The new technologies are coming toward us like a great wave: if we do not move from the spot, it can bury us; but if we move with skill, this wave could lift us higher than ever before.” (Politische Ökologie, oekom Verlag, Munich, May/June 1998 issue, p. 55).
Technology can therefore not only destroy work, but also create new forms of work. Used correctly, it enables society to shape its material basis of life itself and to emancipate itself from the dominant economic system. This vision is realized in the concept of High-Tech Self-Providing (HTSP).
The prosumer as modern self-provider. In technological development, the potential for self-provisioning in the form of HTSP is already visible: we all know the trend toward the prosumer – a mixture of producer and consumer. What characterizes the prosumer is that they participate in producing the goods and services they themselves consume. In this way they become a modern self-provider.
There are, however, two forms of the prosumer that must be strictly distinguished:
- Company-controlled outsourcing: companies shift tasks onto consumers, who take them over with the help of technology. Examples include online banking, self-checkout in supermarkets, or software updates. Here the human being works unpaid for the company in order to reduce its costs.
- Self-determined production (the core of New Work): far more relevant and decisive for New Work is the second form: people use technology to produce things for their own needs independently of the market. One example is decentralized energy supply. Those who install a photovoltaic system produce electricity for their own consumption and feed the rest into the grid. This corresponds to the principle of subsistence economy: self-production with a market surplus. In the past it was food; today it is energy or digital knowledge. Only this second form leads to genuine emancipation from the job system.
Conclusion: in view of technological development, it is crucial that people use technology to free themselves from the job and economic system. Part-time jobs and HTSP create the necessary free spaces for the highest form of work in the sense of New Work: calling.
III Calling
Although New Work represents an alternative work system with several forms of work, none has attracted as much attention as calling. It has virtually become the trademark of New Work: “The expression most associated with New Work is the repeated, recurring question about the work someone really, really wants to do.” (Frithjof Bergmann, Neue Arbeit, Neue Kultur, Arbor Verlag, Freiamt, 2004).
We must continuously secure our material basis of life. We do this by earning money through a job. Philosophy describes this compulsion as “necessity” – in contrast to “freedom”, in which we may devote ourselves to higher activities. From this follows: the job remains bound to necessity, while calling detaches itself from it. Calling is “free work”, while the job represents “necessary work”.
Calling as the opposite of the job
- A job means working for others (employer, market). Calling means working for oneself and one’s own development.
- The job is a means to an end (earning money). Calling is an activity that carries its purpose within itself.
- In the job we do what we must; one always has a “master” over oneself. In calling we pursue what we really want; one is one’s own master.
- Those who job become replaceable cogs in the machine (means to an end). Those who follow their vocation are ends in themselves and want to make something of themselves.
- The job is subject to economic logic (it must pay off). Calling withdraws from this logic; it is judged by how it serves the human being.
- A job can drain and dehumanize. Calling, by contrast, enlivens and lets us grow beyond ourselves.
Calling and identification. Work that one “really, really wants to do” is work with which one identifies. Identification creates identity – it gives us reliable knowledge of who we are. In a pure performance society, in which work is only a measurable instrument, this possibility of identification disappears. With calling, Bergmann wants to create a new source of identity.
Identification does not arise through mere reflection, but through encounter with the world. One must “go out”, as Goethe said, in order to find oneself in doing. In calling we express our uniqueness. While in the job we are replaceable by machines as functionaries, our individual handwriting is irreplaceable in calling.
Calling and freedom. According to Bergmann, freedom is a function of identity. An action is free when the human being identifies with that from which the action proceeds. When will and doing are in harmony, the feeling of freedom arises. Calling increases the degree of human freedom in three ways:
- It creates harmony and coherence.
- It promotes the development of the individual personality.
- It frees from necessity and compulsion and makes self-determined work possible.
Keywords: New Work, work system, reduction of working time, part-time work, burnout prevention, sustainability, self-provisioning, technology, High-Tech Self-Providing, HTSP, digitalization, automation, social inequality, Frithjof Bergmann, prosumer, self-determined production, subsistence economy, decentralized energy supply, emancipation, calling, self-determination, necessity vs. freedom, identification, identity, self-expression, individuality, meaning in life, free work.
Since Frithjof Bergmann’s death more than four years ago, things have grown quiet around “New Work”, his concept for a comprehensive redesign of the work system. All the louder, however, have become those who simply appropriated the term and continue to bend it to their own purposes. First among them is the mainstream of New Work, which does refer to Bergmann but has something entirely different in mind, so that there are no longer any points of contact between the original and the mainstream.
Frithjof Bergmann repeatedly emphasized that New Work is a many-sided and comprehensive approach that cannot be pressed into a definition or – which amounts to the same thing – reduced to one dimension. New Work is, among other things: a critique of the prevailing work system (job system) and its many deficiencies. It makes clear how burdensome the conditions have become under which people have to work. The formulation of a new work system in order to overcome the irreversible abuses of the job system.
In doing so, New Work introduces new forms of work on both sides of the labor market and beyond it, in order to reduce dependence on the job system as far as possible and to significantly improve the quality of work. A critique of the prevailing economic system. It demonstrates that this system is not sustainable. In particular, infinite economic growth in a finite world is a contradiction that creates more and more conflicts. A contribution to post-growth economics. For New Work shows how we can free ourselves from the compulsion toward economic growth. Sustainable economic activity. The concept stands for good and healthy work, for local production that is climate-friendly and conserves resources, and the modern self-provisioning envisioned in the concept is a remedy against the mentality of consumption and disposability.
The question of technology: What role should technology play in our society in the future? Who should have access to it? And how can it be used for the benefit of society as a whole?
Both a concept for the societal level and a guide for individuals. The individual can begin to shape their work in the spirit of New Work without having to wait for labor-market reforms from above. NWNC is a flexible concept that each person can adapt to their own possibilities and needs. It is a concept applicable worldwide, one that does justice to the globalization of work and the economy.
The formulation of the claim to usher in a new culture in which the economy and work should serve human beings and their development. In Bergmann’s words: “The goal of New Work is not to free people from work, but to transform work in such a way that it brings forth free, self-determined, human beings. We should not serve work; work should serve us. The work we do should not consume all our strength and exhaust us. Instead, it should give us more strength and energy. It should support us in our development, helping us become more alive, more complete, stronger human beings.” (Frithjof Bergmann and Stella Friedland, Neue Arbeit kompakt, Arbor Verlag, Freiamt 2007, p. 16)
With this article series we want to recall the original concept and its many layers by devoting each contribution to one aspect of New Work. We do not claim completeness; rather, further texts will be added over time. The authors are guides, companions, members of the network of the same name, and people who engage with Bergmann’s world of thought and his concerns. Bergmann later renamed his concept “New Work-New Culture”, among other reasons to distinguish it from the emerging mainstream. In this article series we consistently speak of “New Work” in order to point out that the term originally goes back to him and not to abandon it to the mainstream.
New Work as a Critique of the Work System
New Work is first of all a detailed critique of the prevailing work system. If there were nothing to object to in it, thinking about alternatives would seem unnecessary. But precisely the opposite is the case. 1
Deficiencies and Abuses in the Prevailing Work System
The work system (also called the job system or wage-labor system) only emerged with industrialization and brought abuses with it from the very beginning. These changed over time: old ones disappeared, new ones appeared, working conditions improved or worsened (and the situation differs from country to country). What remains decisive, however, is this: the deficiencies and abuses continue; only their appearance changes. Critique must therefore be renewed regularly. Which adversities currently make working life in Germany especially difficult for people and have a negative effect on them?
Performance Pressure
Performance is defined as the relation of work to time – and this relation is optimized in the sense that more work has to be done per unit of time than before. If this is the case, two things happen: first, the performance aspect of work moves more and more into the foreground. This means, on the one hand, that work is transformed into performance and the work society into a performance society. And, on the other hand, we come under performance pressure the more performance we have to deliver. This idea of performance is omnipresent in the world of work and can in principle affect all employees.
Time Pressure
Time pressure arises as a consequence of increased performance, because one has less and less time per topic, per matter, per project, per customer, and so on, and therefore comes under pressure to nevertheless finish on time and deliver the expected results.
Pressure to Succeed
Success has developed into the central category in working life. Success is the altar to which people sacrifice and on which they are sacrificed. One problem with success, however, is that it does not satisfy; it makes people hungry – hungry for more success. Goals, plan figures, targets, and expectations are ratcheted upward. This leads to pressure to succeed – and to powerlessness, because success depends not only on one’s own effort but also on external factors over which one has no influence.
Overwork
Overtime is a constant phenomenon in the German world of work. According to the Federal Statistical Office, 1.3 billion hours of overtime were worked in 2023.2 It is another means of using human labor power optimally, but at the same time also of exhausting it.
Meaningless Jobs
These are jobs that nobody really needs and that produce no added value or social benefit. They are jobs whose holders themselves know that they are engaged in meaningless employment. For that reason these jobs also have no meaning for them. People keep the job because it earns them money and because they see no alternative. These jobs can be found in all sectors. The scholar and activist David Graeber called them bullshit jobs. Drastic, but correct. These jobs suggest that they are useful, valuable work, which in reality is not the case at all. Their disappearance would not be noticed. 3
Joblessness
Joblessness is a constant companion in the job system. Even now: despite a favorable labor-market situation, we have more than two million job seekers. The next recession or wave of automation will certainly come, and then there will be even more.
Precarious Employment
These are poorly paid jobs that are easy to terminate and often fixed-term. They also include agency work and temporary work as well as marginal employment.
Precarious employment also includes those seemingly secure full-time jobs that are threatened by joblessness – whether through the globalization of work, the rationalization of work, or the restructuring of work, which often leads to staff reductions and outsourcing.
Understaffing
More and more sectors suffer from acute staff shortages (almost every truck driving in front of you says: “colleague wanted”). The reasons are, as always, manifold, but they are rooted in a dysfunctional job system. The vacancies exist even though there are also job seekers who cannot find a job. This mismatch problem shows that the labor market does not fulfill its most basic task: bringing supply and demand together. Part of the problem is homemade: for many years, experienced employees were sent into early retirement by the tens of thousands – and they are missing now.
Be that as it may: understaffing leads to a greater workload for employees, because the existing work is distributed over fewer shoulders, which causes stress, so employees then become ill or leave, which in turn places an even greater burden on those who remain.
The Job Dominates Life
We do nothing more in our lives than work: eight hours a day, forty hours a week. But that is not all. The job reaches deep into the rest of our lives:
Overtime accumulates and extends the working day.
The daily trips to work and back cost time and money. This commuting is increasing overall: from one city to another; from the countryside to the city; from east to west.
Then we must add the time required for qualification and further-training measures.
Those who finally finish work not seldom take work home with them – whether literally or figuratively.
One consequence of this is that other contents of life cannot be integrated alongside the job, or cannot be integrated adequately. Conflicts arise in reconciling work and life.
Job Work Is a Means and Not an End
At its core, job work means exchanging labor power for payment. It is therefore essentially a means – for the employee, a means of earning money in order to secure a livelihood. With job work, the human being remains bound to the necessity of securing their material basis of life. In this respect, job work is necessary work and not free work. For the employer, in turn, it is a means of achieving the organization’s goals with human labor power.
Effects of the Abuses
These and other abuses have a negative effect on people. The extent to which job work now harms people can be measured by the following developments:
Dissatisfaction with the job is increasing. According to surveys, the “number of employees without emotional attachment in Germany is at its highest level since 2012”. According to the Gallup survey, it is almost 20 percent.4
The list of work-related impairments is getting longer and longer: states of exhaustion and fatigue, lack of energy and dejection, nervousness and headaches are among them, to name only a few.
Illnesses such as back problems and high blood pressure are spreading and are on the way to becoming widespread diseases.
Regarding the increase in mental illnesses, the health-insurance statistics are unambiguous.
For this abundance of abuses and their grave effects on human beings, Bergmann coined the term “pathology of the wage-labor system”. 5
How do these abuses arise? There are several explanatory approaches. Let us take joblessness as an example.
Joblessness is closely connected with the current work system. Historically, before the job system there was subsistence economy, in which self-provisioning dominated. For the self-provisioning society, joblessness was an unknown concept. The self-provider was dependent neither on a labor market nor on an employer; no one could dismiss them, because they were self-sufficient. By contrast, we officially and literally call the job holder a “dependent employee”. That means whether a person keeps their workplace or not, whether they find one or not, is fundamentally not up to them. Let us therefore state clearly: joblessness or unemployment is a symptom of the current work system.
Our work system (the labor market) functions like a bottleneck. It lets only job work pass through. Formulated as a contrast: work as such is unlimited, while jobs are limited, especially secure and well-paid ones. We have therefore not only made ourselves dependent on the job system; we must constantly make efforts to preserve and create jobs in order to counteract job scarcity – or, as it is often so nicely put: we must prevent or combat joblessness.
Now the job system is coming under pressure: declining economic growth, increasing international competition, and refugee movements are already troubling it. Yet nothing is as threatening to the employment system as the technologization of work, which receives an enormous push through “digitalization”. It makes it possible to systematically replace human labor power with technological labor power. Consequently, far more jobs will be automated than newly created. Frithjof Bergmann recognized this danger early, as did many before and after him. Representative here is the study by Frey and Osborne: “The Future of Employment: How Susceptible Are Jobs to Computerisation?”6 But beyond this, Bergmann saw like no one else that technological development is Janus-faced – it contains enormous dangers, but also opportunities: “The new technologies are coming toward us like a great wave: if we do not move from the spot, it can bury us; but if we move with skill, this wave could lift us higher than ever before.”7 Bergmann warns against leaving technological development to itself or to its current beneficiaries. Society must think about and decide which technology we want and, above all, how it can be placed in the service of all people. For this reason, technology plays an extraordinarily important role in the concept of “New Work” – see the article “New Work as a New Work System”.
A principal explanation for the existence of many deficiencies and abuses follows from the fact that work is a means for producing goods and services. In business administration, work counts as a production factor. It is therefore subjected to production conditions and organized according to economic criteria such as efficiency, productivity, and effectiveness. The economization of work is a constant process and currently takes place under headings such as flexibilization of work, agile work, flat hierarchies, management by objectives, teamwork, and so on. What is decisive is this: work is oriented toward the needs of the organization or employer and not toward the individual needs of the human being. The deficiencies and abuses that result are deficiencies and abuses for the working person, not for the organization. For example, the employee must meet increasing performance demands; if this becomes noticeable for them as performance pressure and then affects their health, they become stressed and ill, but not the organization.
Conclusion
We have established a work system that human beings are expected to serve and that burdens them increasingly. Why do people put up with this? Why do they not rebel? One important reason is that they are dependent on the job system. The job secures income, livelihood, material security, acquisition of pension entitlements, health insurance, unemployment insurance, social status, and so on. The other decisive reason is that they have no alternative. New Work has therefore made it its task to be this alternative.
1 In his book “New Work-New Culture”, Bergmann devotes an entire chapter to this critique: The Wage-Labor System (pp. 79 to 120).
2 https://www.zeit.de/wirtschaft/2024-05/arbeitszeit-ueberstunden-beschaeftigte-milliarden-stunden-deutschland
3 David Graeber, Bullshit Jobs: A Theory, Simon & Schuster, 2018.
4 https://www.gallup.com/de/472028/bericht-zum-engagement-index-deutschland-2023.aspx
5 See Bergmann, p. 83f.
6 https://www.researchgate.net/publication/271523899_The_Future_of_Employment_How_Susceptible_Are_Jobs_to_Computerisation
7 Politische Ökologie, Oekom Verlag, Munich, May/June 1998 issue, p. 55.
Keywords:
New Work, Frithjof Bergmann, work system, job system, wage labor, work culture, critique of work, Neue Arbeit, post-growth economics, sustainable economic activity, performance pressure, joblessness, bullshit jobs, technologization, digitalization, self-provisioning, modern working world, work-life balance, job satisfaction, meaningful work
Über die „Arbeit, die wir wirklich, wirklich wollen“


Although “New Work” is an alternative work system with different new forms of work, none has attracted as much attention, demand, and interest as the “work we really, really want”. It has virtually become its trademark. “The expression most associated with New Work is the repeated, recurring question about the work someone really, really wants to do.” (Frithjof Bergmann, New Work, New Culture, Arbor Verlag, Freiamt, 2004). It is therefore all the more important to show what Frithjof Bergmann understands by this specific work; otherwise it can and will easily be misunderstood. For as Hegel, on whose work Bergmann wrote his dissertation, already remarked in the “Phenomenology of Spirit”: “What is familiar is not understood merely because it is familiar.” This article therefore sets itself the task of presenting the “work we really, really want”. It is structured as follows: Part I presents premises and basic reflections by Bergmann that are constitutive for “New Work” and without which the “work we really, really want” cannot be understood comprehensively.

1. The job system is characterized by a multitude of deficiencies:I Premises and Basic Reflections
• Automation, digitalization, and the rationalization of work mean that more and more jobs disappear. Technology increasingly replaces human labor. At the same time, population growth and rural exodus around the world produce countless workers every day, so the need for jobs grows. The shortage of jobs therefore becomes ever greater. Consequently, an alternative to the job is needed in order to make work possible for all people.
• The increase in global joblessness (as the reverse side of automation, digitalization, population growth, and rural exodus) is only one among many abuses in the job system. Others include performance pressure, pressure to succeed, overwork, monotony, stress, overload, precarious employment, and so on. These deficiencies are not disappearing; they are increasing, and new ones will be added. They make life difficult for human beings in every respect.
• The financial crisis ten years ago, and even more clearly the current Corona crisis, show how vulnerable the job system and economic system are. Within a very short time, millions of jobs can be destroyed, millions of people can fall into poverty, and the state must step in to rescue the system. This makes clear how urgently we need a more resilient, more humane, and more self-determined work system.
• The job system produces dependencies: on employers, on the labor market, on economic cycles, on location, on wages, on social insurance, on approval, on being useful in someone else’s plan. This dependency is often hidden behind the promise of security.
• The job system does not ask what people really want, what they are able to become, or what would make them more alive. It asks whether they fit into a job. This is the decisive difference.

Has there been anything in the last few days that gave me an unexpected “pleasure”? If there was something like that, it is worth thinking about. From it one can derive what exactly gives you joy. And from that, in turn, one can conclude what you can do in order to feel this joy regularly. The whole process can take a very long time – and not only that: what we really, really want often changes. For this reason, the advisers in the Centers for New Work usually maintain a long-term relationship with their clients. How does it work? How does one find out what one really, really wants? Sometimes it is a film, sometimes a conversation; everyone probably has their own experiences here. In any case, it already helps to have guidance and assistance.
Frithjof Bergmann zum Calling
Mark Linsenmayer and Frithjof Bergmann discuss, on January 7, 2014 in the United States, an important component of New Work: vocations, that is, the “calling” itself, which animates people and gives life meaning. Overcoming the “poverty of desire”, vocational counseling, the professionalization of passion, and why “be realistic and get a job” is the wrong message for young people.
Polarity of Work
2. Bergmann speaks of the so-called “polarity of work” (Frithjof Bergmann: “New Work, New Culture”, Arbor Verlag, Freiamt, 2004, pp. 13-21). This refers to a fundamental spectrum of work, with “bad” work at one end and “good” work at the other. The job belongs to “bad” work for the reasons already mentioned. The job does not keep what it promises. It promises, for example, economic independence; in reality, however, it makes us deeply dependent on the labor market. Jobs are the fleshpots of our time. They usually offer money and security, but at the same time they enslave us and bind us to necessity. New Work wants to liberate us from this – it is the call to the “exodus from Egypt”. “Good” work, by contrast, is work with which we identify, work that is meaningful to us, makes us proud, represents a real task, gives us strength and energy, lets us grow beyond ourselves, and to which we feel called. Whereas in the job we are a means and make ourselves into a means, here we are the purpose of the work. 3. Frithjof Bergmann belongs to that philosophical current which assumes that the human being is by nature a deficient being. According to this view, people are rather weak, inadequate, easily discouraged, quickly intimidated, and even ready to give themselves up. The human being is the (only) being that can lose itself. For this reason, the wish to want something specific is often not developed, if it exists at all. Bergmann, following Hegel, calls this state “poverty of desire” (ibid., pp. 134-141 as well as pp. 328 and 348). In his texts he gives example after example to demonstrate this basic human condition – whether workers in automobile production in Flint, Michigan, street children in Vancouver, Native Americans on reservations, managers in companies, retirees, or university students. At this point, another note may underline this image of the human being: if people were strong from childhood, bursting with purposefulness, determination, and self-confidence, so that nothing could throw them off course, if disorientation were a foreign word to them, why are psychotherapists’ waiting rooms full, and why are coaching and counseling offers multiplying for every situation in life? To avoid misunderstanding: “poverty of desire” means a specific lack of wishes or “wanting”, namely the striving toward oneself. Many people have lost this “wanting oneself”, or never developed it in the first place. Instead, apathy, boredom, indifference, despair, or cynicism spread among some. Among others, the will is directed outward: toward money, career, vacation, power, security, and so on. Concern for this and that, but no concern for oneself. Many forces are designed to pull people away from themselves, distract them, and scatter them: advertising, consumption, vacation, entertainment, media. The job must not be missing from this list. Job work is work for others: for money, for the employer, for the labor market, for the career, for material prosperity. Job work is work for everything possible, only not for oneself. “Work that we really, really want” (synonyms include vocation, calling, task, vision, destiny) is work for ourselves. Work with which we identify and through which we bring ourselves forth, express ourselves, and develop further. It is therefore the precise answer to the challenge of the “poverty of desire”. The “calling” is the remedy both for lethargy and boredom and for distraction and dispersion. This should make clear that “calling” is a very consistent conclusion in Bergmann’s thinking: it serves to overcome the “poverty of desire”. 4. It is natural at this point to relate this to another central concept of Bergmann’s, namely freedom. Just as the actual will of the human being is not strong but must first be developed, the human being is not “born free” but must become free only through great effort over the course of life. Because this effort is often neglected, and because people also tend to enter dependencies and necessities, modern human beings are consequently not as free as they believe themselves to be and as they are constantly told. What is granted to them, or what they are fobbed off with, is freedom of choice. The problem with it is that it often does not offer us precisely the essential options. Bergmann illustrates this with a drastic image: what use is freedom of choice between pork and beef to a vegetarian? Freedom of choice is excellently suited for advertising and the economy, to offer us a sea of (irrelevant) options in which we lose ourselves but do not gain ourselves. Freedom in Bergmann’s sense is a rejection of mere freedom of choice. Freedom means doing something with which we identify; doing things that truly matter to us; finding and pursuing a life task. “Work that we really, really want” is therefore “free work” in contrast to “necessary work”, that is, the job one must do for the sake of earning money and because of life’s necessities. In the job one is subordinated to business requirements and degraded to a function. In calling, we are an end in ourselves. In the job we have a master over us; in calling we are our own master. 5. The “poverty of desire” is a special case of a general human defect (or deficiency), and Bergmann calls this “self-ignorance”. It means that, with regard to ourselves, we are usually groping in the dark: This fact leads to two decisive points in implementing “New Work-New Culture”: a. We human beings need one another in order to recognize ourselves mutually. Counseling, when it is marked by certain qualities, therefore becomes elementary. 6. It is no surprise if the consequence of “poverty of desire” and “self-ignorance” is the fact “that we are only half alive”. 7. Conclusion: many of us remain behind our possibilities and make do with “less” life. Some are modest to the point of self-abandonment. Many lead a life in standby mode. Therefore the essential concern of “New Work-New Culture” is a “reversal”. It wants to seduce people into life, to help them toward more aliveness or a more intense life: “First of all I explain that this is the heart and core of New Work, namely the conviction that the best path to a life of fulfillment and intensity is to do work that one seriously and from the bottom of one’s heart wants to do.” (ibid., p. 372). The job system must be overcome not only because of its deficiencies and abuses, but also because it promotes and intensifies the three “plagues” (poverty of desire, self-ignorance, and the condition of being only half alive). The job system is part of the old, dying culture that subordinates people, adapts them, makes them compliant, and makes it endlessly difficult for them to come to themselves, because it proceeds from an unjustified image of the human being and has an interest in ruling over people.
– we do not know what we really want
– we do not know what our actual goals are
– we often do not know our unconscious or subliminal feelings and drives, or where they come from, or whether they are good for us
– we can be mistaken in choosing a partner
– we often do not know even quite superficial things about ourselves: which clothes suit us, which company is good for us, what condition we are in, what we should wish for
– we do not know who we are.
We are therefore often more or less blind where we ourselves are concerned. This circumstance stands in stark contrast to our ability to recognize the world around us, including other people.
b. Introspection rarely helps. We find ourselves in encounter with the world and with other people.
The human being who does not know itself, who is not connected with its wishes and longings, whose “self” is underdeveloped or not developed, resigns itself, easily loses itself in trivialities, lives past itself, lives its life lifelessly. This is the case in countless human lives. Seen in this way, according to Bergmann, what is the drama of our life; what is the sword of Damocles hanging over us? “We enter life, and above us hangs the shadow of the possibility that we will not live at all.” (ibid., p. 368). This aspect is so important to Bergmann that he writes: “It is not possible to understand New Work before one has understood and accepted the omnipresence of unlived life.” (ibid., p. 384).
In relation to what has been said so far, this new form of work means: Beyond that, explained through the individual words of the sentence, it means: WHAT What is the idea, the destiny, the possibility that is laid within us? Not just anything, nothing superficial, nothing fashionable, nothing corruptible, nothing foreign to me. Rather, what lies deep within us, what makes us ourselves, what we want entirely out of ourselves, something we absolutely, unconditionally, seriously, and passionately want to be. DO It is not enough to know what we want to do – we must also do the work that we really, really want. Doing mediates between idea and reality. Only when we do the work do we know whether it is the right one; and only when it is the right one does it have the corresponding positive effect on us, meaning that it “strengthens” and “empowers” us, makes us “more alive” and gives us “energy”, and so on. REALLY, REALLY WANT In accordance with the earlier statement that it is difficult for us to recognize ourselves, that we often misrecognize ourselves, it is obvious that it is not easy to find out what we “really, really want”. Our will can be mistaken, it can deceive us, it can want something that does not fit us and is foreign to us. At the beginning, our will is usually not oriented toward ourselves or toward our needs. Especially in our time, many social forces fight to influence our will in their own sense: advertising and business, entertainment and media, and so on constantly tell us that we should want this or that. No wonder we must be careful that our will does not become the plaything of external factors. This is also one reason for the formulation “really-really-wanting”. We must ask several times whether this or that is now what we “really, really want”. And if not, we must begin the search again. This procedure can be compared with the efforts of a writer who rewrites a text again and again until it expresses what they really want to say. In the same way, we must keep searching until we have identified what we “really, really want”.II What Does It Mean: “Do What You Really, Really Want”?
• it is an alternative to the job
• it wants to overcome the “poverty of desire”
• it is “free work” as opposed to “necessary work”
• it therefore means an increase in “freedom”
• it leads us to recognize ourselves more – it brings light into self-ignorance
• it causes the human being to become “more alive”, “stronger”, to “come to itself” and to do more justice to its possibilities.

Against the background of the assumptions and premises described in Parts I and II, as well as the image of the human being in “New Work”, we derive an approach consisting of the following elements or steps: It should be pointed out here that “New Work” does not rely only on counseling, but gives practice just as much space and time, if not more. This is already a first significant difference from many other forms of coaching and therapy that rely exclusively on conversation. Counseling “New Work” places special demands on counseling (and therefore on the counselor). Its high goal is to help people toward more aliveness and toward calling, which amounts to a “reversal” of their previous life. Then we as counselors must enter into relationship with the guest, because our concern is precisely to overcome their “poverty of desire”, their “self-ignorance”, and, where applicable, their lack of aliveness. This means that the relationship between counselor and guest is shaped by goodwill and sympathy, warmth and attention, attentiveness and care, respect and recognition. These form the interpersonal foundation without which counseling in our sense would be doomed to fail from the outset.III How Do We Help People Do “What They Really, Really Want”?
• counseling
• presenting possibilities
• experimenting
For this reason there should be “Centers for New Work” in which this approach can be practiced and institutionalized.
What follows are some explanations of the three elements mentioned, without claiming to be complete.
The understanding of counseling, and the seriousness and necessity of counseling, arise from the image of the human being that we have presented on the preceding pages. Especially in the chapter on “self-ignorance” in his book, Bergmann explains that human beings need other human beings in order to recognize themselves, to come to themselves, and to get beyond their isolation, limitation, and previous condition. Counseling here is not a matter of service provision or an expert-client relationship, but of an interpersonal relationship in which the counselor must possess a high degree of knowledge of human beings in order to do justice to the person opposite them. Considering that people who come to us are dissatisfied with their previous work, want to work differently, at best know what they no longer want but do not know what they really want, know themselves too little, often feel alone with their problem, and that their wishes as well as their ability to wish are fragile and not strongly developed, counseling first of all needs time. Its duration is not determined in advance, for example by a health insurance fund limiting the number of hours; rather, the duration is determined by the time needed for counseling.
Furthermore, what is needed is the benevolent eye for possibility, that is, for the guest’s calling; the rare art of listening, which is known to be the “soul of conversation”; and the ability to strike the other person’s tone or to connect with the language to which they are receptive. Conventional coaching and therapy often act, out of a misunderstood professionalism, with distance, coolness, detachment, inaccessibility, and “objectivity”. In this way they never reach the person themselves. But that is not their concern either. Their concern is to bring people back to “normality”; to bring them to the point where they “function” again. And for that it is not necessary to concern oneself with the person themselves.
The counselor must be familiar with “New Work” as a whole and be able to present it vividly to the guest when needed. The “calling” is embedded in, or is part of, an overall concept and can only be understood and followed in that context. By this I mean, on the one hand, the image of the human being in “New Work” and, on the other, its different forms of work: high-tech self-providing, community production, and part-time job.
Calling plays a special role for Bergmann – see here, among other places, the bottom of page 372 and the bottom of page 381 in his book – citation. But he also leaves no doubt about how difficult it can often be to help people toward it. It is therefore indispensable for the counselor to explain what calling is in many different ways, including by repeatedly presenting it in contrast to the job or to wage labor. Beyond that, the counselor should be able to ask the question of calling in many different ways, again and again, until the guest has “bitten”.

Presenting Possibilities in the “Space of Possibilities” In our experience, the poverty of desire and self-ignorance are not overcome through introspection but through encounter with the world. Just as the person seeking counsel needs the other person, the counselor, in order to become clearer about themselves in conversation, they need “the world” just as much in order to find orientation, themselves, and finally their calling. This explains the importance of what we call “presenting possibilities”. Just as adolescents need a stimulating environment in order to develop themselves and their capacities and explore their interests, many adults need the same later on, especially when they lack professional orientation, when they have become resigned and indifferent, when they have lost sight of themselves through years of monotonous job work. Put differently: because many people see no perspective, that is, no possibilities, out of hopelessness, lack of interest, discouragement, boredom, and routine (“everything already exists”, “there is nothing left to do”, or “there is no place for me”), concrete counterpositions are needed. “New Work” offers a completely different view of the world and of life: namely, that they are full of possibilities, full of opportunities for development, full of ideas not yet realized, full of possible beginnings. In reality there is no shortage of possibilities, but an abundance, so that there is something for everyone. The process is in principle the same from guest to guest; of course, however, it differs in the possibilities that are presented, since each guest is unique. In a first step, possibilities are presented in a still general and unspecific way, but in the course of orientation they become more and more specific. What matters is that “presenting possibilities” does not take place only “theoretically” in conversation or through information, but very concretely and practically. Whatever possibility comes into question must be “visible”, must be “real”, and must be “tangible”. The possibility must be prepared in such a way that the guest can imagine taking it up. Bergmann therefore imagines an infrastructure in which this can be implemented – the “space of possibilities”. Frithjof Bergmann gives examples of this in his book.
• Mass production and mass consumption place a considerable burden on the environment; every ecological improvement of a product is neutralized by the increase in production demanded by economic growth; the globalization of the economy wants to spread the Western material lifestyle across the earth, which far exceeds its carrying capacity. Community Production, by contrast, is characterized by limitations of many different kinds that benefit the environment: it replaces industrial mass production with individual production; mass consumption gives way to individual need fulfillment; economic growth is a foreign word for Community Production. It is not the absurdly artificially inflated material lifestyle of the West, not its consumer frenzy, that is carried into the world, but a basic provision that can be individually shaped. Since Community Production is local economy, it decisively reduces the immense global transport of goods, which contributes substantially to environmental pollution. At the same time, it abolishes the now prevailing separation of life and work that spread with the economic and job system. This reduces the disastrous mass commuting to and from work worldwide, which also means less environmental pollution. Apart from that, thousands upon thousands of traffic jams are avoided in which we senselessly waste our time and nerves.
Experimenting Experimenting complements “counseling” and the “space of possibilities”. All three elements stand in reciprocal relationship. What emerges in “counseling” and in the “space of possibilities” as a possible activity for the guest is tried out and tested in “experimenting”, so that the guest can experience whether they are on the right path. These experiences flow back into counseling. Suppose Community Production were to prevail and the world’s population could be materially provided for by it sufficiently; suppose individually definable self-provisioning could be achieved with limited effort: the economy would no longer be an end in itself, but a means to an end. Concretely: its function would be to create the necessary condition for “free work”.
People generally do not discover suddenly and all at once what they really, really want. Rather, it is often a long process with setbacks, trial and error, and reorientation. Only gradually does a calling emerge. Hence the necessity of “experimenting”. And each guest does this in their own way – whether in the form of internships, projects, excursions, participation in an existing program that interests them, and so on.
Like “presenting possibilities”, “experimenting” is an encounter with the world, a finding of oneself in the world. With regard to work: one experiences in a practical and concrete way which activity fits oneself.
Our prevailing work system (the job system) assumes that one remains in the profession one has learned; the highly developed division of labor makes a fundamental professional change difficult. Of course many people change positions over time, but only few change their profession. From many seminars with people who are dissatisfied with their job, we know how difficult it is, and how difficult it is made for them, to actually reorient themselves, especially if one wants more than a job.

Pathologie des Job-Systems

Why do we need an alternative to the job system? Why do we need “New Work”? One important answer is this: because “old work” is in crisis; because it is increasingly marked by deficiencies and abuses; because it suffers from many “illnesses” and in turn makes people ill. Frithjof Bergmann therefore calls his critique “a pathology of the job system”. What are these “illnesses”, or these “deficiencies and abuses”? Joblessness At the same time, the job system is coming under pressure, because automation is receiving a tremendous push through digitalization: more and more human labor can be replaced by technological labor (machines, robots, automated systems, 3-D printers, and so on). This intensifies the chronic shortage of jobs. Joblessness is often presented as the only deficiency of the job system, but it is by no means the only one. It is nothing other than the tip of the iceberg, most of which lies hidden below the surface. Precarious Employment Precarious employment also includes those seemingly secure, permanent full-time jobs that are threatened by joblessness – whether through the globalization of work, the rationalization of work, or the restructuring of work, which often leads to staff reductions and outsourcing. For employees this means constant unrest and uncertainty about whether they will keep their jobs. This is currently visible in the discussion around Work 4.0, the “digitalization of the world of work”, where the assumption is that infinitely more jobs than before can be automated in the future. Frithjof Bergmann, incidentally, predicted this trend more than 30 years ago. OverworkThe Crisis of Old Work
The most obvious deficiency is joblessness. It can happen to anyone – men and women, academics and craftspeople, old and young. Joblessness is not only a local, regional, or national phenomenon, but above all a global one. In view of global population growth and worldwide migration from the countryside into cities, the army of job seekers is growing without end. Labor is available in abundance.
The next serious abuse to name is precarious employment. These are poorly paid jobs that are easy to terminate and often limited in time. They also include agency work and temporary work, marginal employment, and in a broader sense business start-ups born out of necessity or embarrassment, from which people can barely make a living.
Employees are working more and more overtime. In Germany alone, the number of overtime hours has now reached the billions. Mobile phones and laptops that people take home and carry everywhere mean that they are constantly reachable. They also blur the transitions between work and private life, meaning they are no longer as clearly separated as they once were.

Frithjof Bergmann zur „Nicht Krise“ des Systems
Frithjof Bergmann assumes that the job system is not merely in a crisis, but that we are at the beginning of a new epoch and need a radically new program for organizing work better.
The term must be taken quite precisely: we are speaking of performance pressure, not work pressure (just as we are no longer really a work society, but a performance society). We no longer pursue work; we deliver performance. How did this happen? Work turns into performance when the aim is only to accomplish as much work as possible within a given unit of time (for example, eight hours a day). Performance is defined as a physical quantity – work divided by time. This ratio is constantly optimized through overtime, work intensification, and the acceleration of work processes. And the more it is optimized, the more we come under performance pressure. One could also put it this way: the more we have to work, the more the idea of performance moves into the foreground. The more other aspects of work recede into the background. This idea of performance is omnipresent in the world of work and is not limited to human beings. To use a deliberately stark example: in agriculture, cows have long been expected to deliver more and more performance, meaning more and more milk. Increases of several hundred percent have occurred. Animals and humans alike suffer under performance pressure. Closely connected with this is : the more performance has to be delivered in a given unit of time, the less time one has for each task. Take the example of a social worker in a youth welfare office: over the years, things have developed so that the social worker is expected to process more and more cases per day, leaving hardly any room to do justice to the individual case. Success has become a decisive category: in society, in school, in parts of family life, and most of all in working life. Success is what counts. It is the altar to which people sacrifice and on which they are sacrificed. One problem with success is that it does not satisfy; it makes people hungry – hungry for more success. Goals, plan figures, expectations, and efficiency are constantly ratcheted upward. This creates pressure to succeed – and, incidentally, powerlessness, because success depends not only on one’s own effort but on many factors over which one has no influence.Performance Pressure
Time Pressure
Pressure to Succeed
• No prospects within the companyFurther Abuses in the Job System
• incompetent superiors who lead to demotivation and inner resignation among employees (poor leadership style, lack of communication, no trust)
• bullying
• corporate cultures damaged by scandals (to name only companies such as Deutsche Bank, Bayer/Monsanto, or the VW Group shaken by Dieselgate)
• routine. On the one hand, routine allows us to do our work better and better, so it does not overwhelm us and we can carry it out “routinely”. On the other hand, routine leads to boredom, a lack of challenge, and a loss of imagination and creativity. Anyone who performs repetitive tasks for eight hours every day becomes passive.
• lack of room to shape one’s work
• unused potential that people want to realize but that the company does not call upon
• being caught in “working” and “consuming”, a cycle emptied of meaning
• other contents of life cannot be integrated sufficiently alongside the job, leading to conflicts in reconciling work and life – for example:
– reconciling family and work
– reconciling work and partnership
– reconciling work and caring for relatives
– reconciling work and voluntary engagement
• many people have to do work that is questionable, if not meaningless, and brings no real added value
• commuting: the number of commuters is constantly rising. From one city to another. From the countryside to the city. From east to west. Commuting costs time, nerves, and money.

• It promises professional identity and recognition, yet the “illnesses of the job system” make these impossible. Instead, insecurity, disappointment, inner resignation, the experience of replaceability, and fear for one’s job are the order of the day. Professional identity has already eroded in many cases. • On the one hand, those who have a job work more and more; on the other hand, jobless people have nothing to do.The Job System Promises a Lot and Delivers Little:
• It promises full employment, but is characterized by the split between those who have a job and those who do not; those who have a secure and well-paid job and those who must make do with precarious employment.
• It promises general prosperity, yet increasingly deepens the gap between rich and poor (rich North – poor South; wealthy managers / moderately earning employees; people who own capital and multiply it while the income of those without means stagnates. A particular form of impoverishment arises through migration from countryside to city on a scale of millions. In the countryside, as a farmer, one could make a modest living through self-provisioning; now, as a migrant worker, one leads a precarious existence or ends up in the slums of the world, where one struggles to get by).The Job System Entangles Itself in Contradictions:
• On the one hand, meaningful work that needs to be done lies fallow; on the other hand, people who want to work lie fallow. Work and human beings do not come together.
• On the one hand, there are vacancies that cannot be filled; on the other hand, there are unemployed people looking for work and unable to find it.
• On the one hand, a great deal of “unnecessary”, “meaningless”, and “superfluous” work is done. Many jobs are degrading to human beings and their only added value consists in keeping people occupied so they have something to do and increasing the company’s profit. On the other hand, a great deal of meaningful, socially necessary work is waiting to be done.
• On the one hand, the job system is always marked by a shortage of jobs, so there are always jobless or underemployed people; on the other hand, the job system is incapable of organizing the infinite abundance of work that exists in itself. It is important to point this out: jobs are scarce, but work is not.
Let us draw a The job system is haunted by “illnesses” from which many people suffer. Frithjof Bergmann calls the job itself a “mild illness”, meaning it does not kill us, but it constantly troubles us, makes us dissatisfied, drains us, takes our strength, exhausts and depresses us. In the long run, the job deforms and cripples us, so that not much of us as human beings remains when we retire. Like the anti-smoking campaign “Smoking endangers your health”, one would have to start a campaign saying: “The job endangers your health”. Human beings have subordinated themselves to the job system. They serve it as a means for its purposes. The job system is not interested in them as human beings, in their real, deeper, most individual wishes, needs, gifts, and potentials. It has no interest in people developing through work into more self-confident, stronger, more independent, or more complete beings. Human beings have made themselves dependent on the job system in many ways. Because this is so, and because we have no alternative work system, we need jobs or employment opportunities at any cost. In view of the fact that automation, digitalization, and the rationalization of work constantly destroy jobs, we absolutely need economic growth to compensate for the loss of jobs. We are therefore forced to depend on growth. Otherwise the number of unemployed people immediately shoots upward and leads to mass joblessness. Finally, the question must be asked: what purpose does the prevailing job system actually serve? Does it not serve more than anything else: Suppose Community Production were to prevail and the world’s population could be materially provided for by it sufficiently; suppose individually definable self-provisioning could be achieved with limited effort: the economy would no longer be an end in itself, but a means to an end. Concretely: its function would be to create the necessary condition for “free work”.conclusion:
• the social division between rich and poor, between job holders and the jobless?
• the enrichment of a few at the expense of many?
• the disciplining, control, subordination, dependency, and making-compliant of human beings?

Get in touch with us!


There are various ways to get in touch with New Work New Culture. It depends on your interest in New Work:
Do you want an overview of what is happening right now? Then the Facebook group is the easiest way to make contact.
Or do you want to know when members of the NANK community can be heard speaking about Frithjof Bergmann? We publish the important dates here on the website.
Is it about direct contact with the press spokesperson? Then contact Andy Mayer.
Is it about content on New Work New Culture, the Bergmann archive, or exhibitions? Then Thomas Schneider and Harald Gründl are the right contacts. Depending on what you want to know, we have listed experts in New Work-New Culture on this page with their different focuses, whom you can contact with specific questions.
____
Texts on New Work after Bergmann
Nina McDonagh, Frithjof Bergmann , Günter Thoma, Thomas Staehelin, Thomas Schneider
General lecture / New Work New Culture
Günter Thoma, Thomas Staehelin, Franz Nahrada, Claus Seibt, Sebastian Becker, Thomas Schneider
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Calling – what one really, really wants – the mentors
Christine Jung , Thomas Diener, Jörg Beger
OMA (Open Mentors Academy)
Since 2006, mentors have met annually in changing locations (Potsdam, Vienna, Osnabrück, Freiburg, Munich), working together on the connecting aspects of New Work-New Culture.
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Community Production
Thomas Schneider lecture More punk, less hell, workshop, New Work socio-technology (generative production methods, AI, blockchain, cultural memes)
Blair Evans (Incite Focus Fablab),
Prof. Andy Gebhardt (University of Aachen)
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Education
Katrin Steglich, lecture, workshop,
Florence Holzner, Colearning Vienna, lecture, workshop
Sebastian Becker, lecture, workshop, link to a lecture recording
Günter Thoma, lecturer, speaker
____
Social enterprises
Tom Zuljevic (Die Querdenker, Caritas, Pro Mente)
Gerd Neuner (Neue Arbeit Neue Kultur Kiel)
Walter Häcker (Genossenschaft Arbeit Zuerst) – sadly died in August 2020
____
Entrepreneurship
Prof. Günter Faltin, Thomas Schneider
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Environment, mobility, housing, living, working
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Exhibitions / Social Design

Places and regions with contacts
USA
NWNC | Ann Arbor, Frithjof Bergmann
NWNC | Detroit, Richard Feldmann/James & Grace Lee Boggs Center, Blair Evans/Incite Focus Fablab
NWNC | Madison, Mark Linsenmayer/The partially examined Life
CANADA
NWNC | Toronto, Ruth Spitzer/dorkenwald&spitzer
SOUTH AFRICA
NWNC | Johannesburg, Lerato Tahane
INDIA
NWNC | Mumbai, Anil Saldanha/Radical Ecological Democracy
GERMANY
NANK | Kiel, Gerd Neuner/Neue-Arbeit-Neue-Kultur-Verein Kiel
NANK | Stuttgart, Walter Häcker/Arbeit Zuerst Genossenschaft
NANK | Berlin, Thomas Staehelin /+ZONE KG, Frauke Hehl/Workstation, Babette Scurell/Stiftung Bauhaus Dessau (originally Neue Arbeit Dessau eV.), Prof. Günter Faltin/Stiftung Entrepreneurship, Freie Universität Berlin
NANK | Neustrelitz, Katrin Steglich, Thomas Staehelin
NANK | Hannover, Christine Jung/Frei-Räume
NANK | Potsdam, Rosalind Honig/OMA Mentorenakademie
NANK | Hamburg, AK Lokale Ökonomie, Contraste magazine, networking alternative-economy projects across Germany
NANK | Wuppertal, Christine Nordmann/Bergische Region , Schnürsenkelfabrik-Startpunkt
NANK | Freiburg, Jörg Beger/Transition Town
NANK | Köln, Sozialistische Selbsthilfe Mühlheim
NANK | München, Sara Dorkenwald /dorkenwald&spitzer
AUSTRIA
NANK | Linz, Tabakfabrik/Koop Arbeit/Fair Markt – Tomislav Zuljevic, Thomas Schneider
NANK | Vienna Co:llaboratory/Thomas Schneider, Claus Seibt, global villages/Franz Nahrada, Florence Holzner/Colearning Wien/Markhof, Thomas Diener/FairWork
NANK | Vorchdorf, OTELO
NANK | Ottensheim, Elke Hinterndorfer/NANK OTELO
NANK | St. Leonhard, Tommy Zuljevic/Wohneinrichtung OASE
NANK | St. Veit, Martin Maitz/Institut für Zukunftskompetenzen
NANK | Schlierbach/SPES Zukunftsakademie
NANK | Innsbruck, Manfred Blachfellner/change the game
Further people and NANK locations in Germany, Austria, and Switzerland on a map


Groups on the web
Official NANK Facebook group with about 1,300 members
Collaboration and the innovations that organize it shape the lifestyle of an entire generation. In order to find forms of new cooperation, the framework in which the working world is ordered is increasingly changing. This is reflected not only in new spaces and the changing infrastructure of work in large companies, but also in the new cultural techniques of the diverse ventures of entrepreneurs, which are now growing strongly far beyond the urban context.
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Dear Frithjof! Happy 90th Birthday!


Frithjof Bergmann grew up in Hallstatt. On the occasion of his 90th birthday on December 24, the regional newspaper „Traunspiegel“ published an extensive report on the prominent son of the Salzkammergut. The conversation with Frithjof is surprising, among other things, because of the fascinating story of his Jewish mother, who staged her suicide in Lake Hallstatt in order to escape the Nazis.
You can download the article from Traunspiegel here, or, if you like, read the photographed pages below.




work is the change machine
























































































































































































































